Stem ذَاقَ - Quranic Morphology

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

So he caused them to fall into disobedience by deceit. And when they tasted of the tree, their shame became manifest to them and they began to stick the leaves of the garden together over themselves. And their Lord called them, saying, ‘Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you: verily, Satan is to you an open foe?’

اردو ترجمہ مرزا طاہر احمد خلیفة المسیح الرابعؒ

پس اس نے انہیں ایک بڑے دھوکہ سے بہکا دیا۔ پس جب ان دونوں نے اس درخت کو چکھا تو ان کی کمزوریاں اُن پر ظاہر ہوگئیں اور وہ دونوں جنت کے پتّوں میں سے کچھ اپنے اوپر اوڑھنے لگے۔ اور ان کے ربّ نے اُن کو آواز دی کہ کیا میں نے تمہیں اس درخت سے منع نہیں کیا تھا اور تم سے یہ نہیں کہا تھا کہ یقیناً شیطان تمہارا کھلا کھلا دشمن ہے؟

French

C’est ainsi que par tromperie, il les fit chuter en désobéissance. Et lorsqu’ils eurent goûté de l’arbre, leur pudeur leur devint manifeste, et ils commencèrent à se couvrir des feuilles du jardin. Et leur Seigneur les appela : « Ne vous avais-Je pas défendu cet arbre-là, et dit, ‘En vérité, Satan est pour vous un ennemi déclaré’ ? »

German

So verführte er sie durch Trug. Und als sie von dem Baume kosteten, da ward ihre Scham ihnen offenbar und sie begannen, sich in die Blätter des Gartens zu hüllen. Und ihr Herr rief sie: «Habe Ich euch nicht diesen Baum verwehrt und euch gesagt: "Wahrlich, Satan ist euch ein offenkundiger Feind"?»

Chinese

他以欺骗 (的伎俩) 使他俩陷于 (背逆之境)。当他俩从 (这受禁的) 树上[a]尝了 (一些果实),他们的弱点,便向他俩显现出来。[483]于是他俩开始以天园里的叶子掩盖自己。他俩的养主召唤他俩, (说): “我难道没曾禁止你俩接近这棵树吗? [b]没说过恶魔是你俩的明敌吗?”

Italian

Così egli li fece cadere nella disobbedienza, ingannandoli. E quando essi gustarono i frutti dell'albero, la loro vergogna divenne loro evidente e cominciarono entrambi a coprirsi con le foglie del giardino. E il Signore li chiamò e disse loro: «Non vi avevo proibito quell'albero e non vi avevo detto: In verità, Satana è per voi un nemico manifesto?»

Spanish

De este modo les hizo caer en la desobediencia mediante el engaño. Y cuando gustaron del árbol, su vergüenza se les hizo manifiesta y ambos empezaron a colocarse sobre si mismos las hojas del jardín. Mas su Señor los llamó diciendo: “¿No os prohibí ese árbol y os dije: en verdad, Satanás es vuestro enemigo declarado?”.

اردو تفسیرِ صغیر

پھر ان دونوں کو دھوکا دے کر اپنے مقام سے ہٹا دیا۔ پھر جب ان دونوں نے اس (ممنوعہ) درخت سے (کچھ) چکھ لیا تو ان کے ننگ ان پر ظاہر ہو گئے اور وہ لگے جنت کی زینت[1] کے سامانوں کو اپنے اوپر چمٹانے۔ اور ان دونوں کو ان کے رب نے بلایا[2]۔ (اور کہا) کیا میں نے تم دونوں کو اس درخت سے منع نہیں کیا تھا اور یہ نہیں کہا تھا کہ شیطان تم دونوں کا کھلا کھلا دشمن ہے۔

English - Short Commentary Translation

So he caused them to fall into disobedience by deceit. And when they [a]tasted of the tree, their shame[958] became manifest to them and they both began to cover themselves with the leaves[959] of the Garden. And their Lord called them, saving, ‘Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you, [b]verily Satan is to you an open enemy?’

English - Five Volume Translation

So he caused them to fall into disobedience by deceit. And [a]when they tasted of the tree, their shame became manifest to them and they began to stick the leaves of the garden together over themselves. And their Lord called them, saying, ‘Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you: [b]verily, Satan is to you an open foe?’[924]

2:37; 20:122.

2:169, 209; 6:143; 12:6; 20:118; 28:16; 35:7; 36:61.

Important Words:

دلھما (caused them to fall into disobedience) is derived from دلی or دلا. They say دلاالدلو i.e. he pulled or drew the bucket (of water) out of the well. دلاحاجته means, he sought or demanded the object of his want. ادلی الدلو means, he let down the bucket into the well to draw out water with it. دلی الشیء means, he let down the thing or he let it fall or he made it hang down. It also means, he brought or drew the thing near to another. دلاه بغرور means, he caused him to fall into disobedience by deceit; or he excited his cupidity with deceit and guile; or he caused him to fall into that which he desired without his knowledge and so exposed him to loss or injury (Lane). The expression, as used in this verse, shows that Satan deceived Adam and drew him and his wife to himself or to the forbidden tree by deceitful talk and thus caused them to fall into disobedience, while they knew not.

ورق (leaves) is both singular and plural and is noun from the verb ورق. They say ورق الشجر i.e. the tree put forth its leaves. اورق الرجل means, the man became rich; his wealth and money increased. ورق, therefore, means, leaves, foliage, parchment; sheet of paper; thin plate of metal; minted silver coins; the prime and freshness of a thing; the young lads of a community; any animal having life (Aqrab, Lane & Lisan).

Commentary:

Every person has certain weaknesses which are hidden even from himself but which become exposed at a time of strain and stress or when he is tempted and tried. For instance, some men are cowardly, but they are not generally conscious of their cowardice. When however, they encounter a danger, and their heart fails them, they realize their weakness. So it was when Adam was tempted and deceived by Satan that he became aware of his natural weaknesses. The Quran does not say that the weaknesses of Adam and his wife became known to other people, but that they became known to themselves.

The word سوأة (treated under 7:21 above) is not used here in the sense of "nakedness" but rather of "objects of shame" or "weakness", because no man’s nakedness is hidden from him. Some of Adam’s weaknesses were indeed hidden from him and he came to realize them when his enemy lured him away from his position of security. Before this he did his work, aided and helped by Divine grace which kept covered his failings and weaknesses; but when he allied himself with the family against which he had been warned, he was exposed and he realized, to his sorrow, how weak he was.

As Satan had succeeded in causing a split in the community and some of the weaker members had gone out of its fold, Adam gathered together the اوراق (leaves) of the garden, i.e. the youth of the community and began to reunite and reorganize his people with their help. It is generally the young men who, being mostly free from bias and regardless of dangers, follow and help the Prophets of God. Speaking of Moses, the Quran says: And none obeyed Moses, save some youths from among his people, because of the fear of Pharaoh and their chiefs (10:84).

It must be noted here that the being whom the Quran has represented as having refused to submit to Adam is called Iblis, while the person who tempted him is called Satan. This distinction is observed not only in the verse under comment, but in all the relevant verses throughout the Quran. This shows that, so far as this narrative is concerned, Satan and Iblis were two different persons. In fact, the word Shaitan (Satan) is applied not only to evil spirits but to certain human beings also who, on account of their evil nature and wicked deeds, become, as it were, fiends incarnate. Just as a man can advance in virtue and piety so as to become like an angel, similarly he may become morally so depraved and degenerate as to be called a devil. Thus the Shaitan, who tempted Adam and caused him to slip, was not an invisible evil spirit but a wicked man of flesh and blood, a devil from among human beings, a manifestation of Satan, and an agent of Iblis. He was a member of the family which Adam had been bidden to avoid. The Holy Prophet tells us that his name was Harith, literally meaning a farmer, (Tirmidhi, ch. on Tafsir) which is further evidence of his being a human being and not an evil spirit. See also 2:15 & 2:37.

Adam’s error lay in taking this man-devil for a well-wisher, although God had warned him against having anything to do with him.

اردو ترجمہ مودودی

اس طرح دھو کا دے کر وہ ان دونوں کو رفتہ رفتہ اپنے ڈھب پرلے آیا آخرکار جب انہوں نے اس درخت کا مزا چکھا تو ان کے ستر ایک دوسرے کے سامنے کھل گئے اور اپنے جسموں کو جنت کے پتوں سے ڈھانکنے لگے تب ان کے رب نے انہیں پکارا، " کیا میں نے تمہیں اس درخت سے نہ روکا تھا اور نہ کہا تھا کہ شیطان تمہارا کھلا دشمن ہے؟"

English - Sahih

So he made them fall, through deception. And when they tasted of the tree, their private parts became apparent to them, and they began to fasten together over themselves from the leaves of Paradise. And their Lord called to them, "Did I not forbid you from that tree and tell you that Satan is to you a clear enemy?"

اردو ترجمہ احمد علی

پھر انہیں دھوکہ سے مائل کر لیا پھرجب ان دونوں نے درخت کو چکھا تو ان پر ان کی شرم گاہیں کھل گئیں اور اپنے اوپر بہشت کے پتے جوڑنے لگے اورانہیں ان کے رب نے پکارا کیا میں نے تمہیں اس درخت سے منع نہیں کیا تھا اور تمہیں کہ نہ دیا تھا کہ شیطان تمہارا کھلا دشمن ہے

English - Talal Itani

So he made both of them fall by deception. Then when they both tasted the tree, became apparent to both of them their shame, and they began (to) fasten over themselves from (the) leaves (of) the Garden. And called them both their Lord, "Did not I forbid you both from this [the] tree and [I] say to both of you, that [the] Shaitaan to both of you (is) an enemy, open?"

Chinese Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

a

2:37; 20:122.

b

2:169, 209; 6:143; 12:6; 20:118; 28:16; 35:7; 36:61.

483

سَوْءَة (Sau’ah) 这一单词的意思是, 一个人想把它遮掩起来的任何邪恶、卑鄙、不体面或讨厌的话、习惯或行为; 赤身裸体 (Lane)。这里, 这一单词的意思是 “隐私之物” 或 “弱点”, 因为没有人不知道自己的赤身裸体的状态。阿丹确实不知道他的某些弱点。当他的敌人引诱他离开安全位置的时候, 他开始认识到他的弱点。每个人都有某些弱点, 连他自己也不知道, 只有在严峻考验的时候, 或他在受诱惑和考验的时候, 这些弱点才会暴露出来。因此, 阿丹正是在恶魔引诱和欺骗他时, 他才感觉到他的某些天性上的弱点。«古兰经» 并没有说其它人开始知道阿丹和他妻子的弱点, 而是说他们自己觉悟到自己的弱点。

اردہ تفصیرِ صغیر نوٹس ^*

1

یعنی جب انسان بدی کا ارتکاب کر چکتا ہے تو اس کی ضمیر اس کو بتاتی ہے کہ دیکھ تو کتنا کمزور تھا اس کام نے تجھے کوئی فائدہ نہیں پہنچایا۔ اور اگر تو یہ کام نہ کرتا‘ تو تیرا کوئی خاص نقصان نہیں تھا۔ تب انسان کو ہوش آتی ہے اور جنت کی زینت کے سامانوں یعنی ان اعمال سے جن کی وجہ سے انسان جنت میں جاتا ہے وہ اپنی بدیوں کو ڈھانپنے کی کوشش کرتا ہے اور توبہ سے اپنے گناہوں کو دھوتا ہے۔ قرآن کریم میں وَرَقِ الْجَنَّۃ کے لفظ ہیں جس کے معنے مفسرین نے غلطی سے پتہ کے کیے ہیں حالانکہ اس کے معنے زینت کے بھی ہیں اور یہی ہم نے کیے ہیں۔ مطلب یہ کہ جن کاموں سے جنت میں زینت ملتی ہے۔ وہ کام آد

2

یہ مرادنہیں کہ بدی کرنے والے لوگوں کو واقعہ میں کوئی لفظی الہام ہوتا ہے۔ بلکہ مراد یہ ہے کہ جب انسان کے دل میں شرم اور ندامت پیدا ہوتی ہے تو اس کی فطرت صحیحہ اس کو بتاتی ہے کہ جو کچھ خداتعالیٰ نے کہا تھا وہ سچ تھا۔ اور جو کچھ اس نے کیا ہے وہ غلط تھا۔ تب وہ دعاؤں اور استغفار میں لگ جاتا ہے اور خدا کا فضل حاصل کر لیتا ہے۔

English - Arberry

So he led them on by delusion; and when they tasted the tree, their shameful parts revealed to them, so they took to stitching upon themselves leaves of the Garden. And their Lord called to them, 'Did not I prohibit you from this tree, and say to you, "Verily Satan is for you a manifest foe"?'

English - Maududi

Thus Satan brought about their fall by deceit. And when they tasted of the tree, their shame became vislible to them, and both began to cover themselves with leaves from the Garden. Then their Lord called out to them: 'Did I not forbid you from that tree, and did I not warn you that Satan 'is your declared enemy?'

English - Ahmed Ali

And led them (to the tree) by deceit. When they tasted (the fruit) of the tree their disgrace became exposed to them; and they patched the leaves of the Garden to hide it. And the Lord said to them: "Did I not forbid you this tree? And I told you that Satan was your open enemy.

English - Yusuf Ali

So by deceit he brought about their fall: when they tasted of the tree, their shame became manifest to them, and they began to sew together the leaves of the garden over their bodies. And their Lord called unto them: "Did I not forbid you that tree, and tell you that Satan was an avowed enemy unto you?"

English - Five Volume Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

a

2:37; 20:122.

b

2:169, 209; 6:143; 12:6; 20:118; 28:16; 35:7; 36:61.

924

Important Words:

دلھما (caused them to fall into disobedience) is derived from دلی or دلا. They say دلاالدلو i.e. he pulled or drew the bucket (of water) out of the well. دلاحاجته means, he sought or demanded the object of his want. ادلی الدلو means, he let down the bucket into the well to draw out water with it. دلی الشیء means, he let down the thing or he let it fall or he made it hang down. It also means, he brought or drew the thing near to another. دلاه بغرور means, he caused him to fall into disobedience by deceit; or he excited his cupidity with deceit and guile; or he caused him to fall into that which he desired without his knowledge and so exposed him to loss or injury (Lane). The expression, as used in this verse, shows that Satan deceived Adam and drew him and his wife to himself or to the forbidden tree by deceitful talk and thus caused them to fall into disobedience, while they knew not.

ورق (leaves) is both singular and plural and is noun from the verb ورق. They say ورق الشجر i.e. the tree put forth its leaves. اورق الرجل means, the man became rich; his wealth and money increased. ورق, therefore, means, leaves, foliage, parchment; sheet of paper; thin plate of metal; minted silver coins; the prime and freshness of a thing; the young lads of a community; any animal having life (Aqrab, Lane & Lisan).

Commentary:

Every person has certain weaknesses which are hidden even from himself but which become exposed at a time of strain and stress or when he is tempted and tried. For instance, some men are cowardly, but they are not generally conscious of their cowardice. When however, they encounter a danger, and their heart fails them, they realize their weakness. So it was when Adam was tempted and deceived by Satan that he became aware of his natural weaknesses. The Quran does not say that the weaknesses of Adam and his wife became known to other people, but that they became known to themselves.

The word سوأة (treated under 7:21 above) is not used here in the sense of "nakedness" but rather of "objects of shame" or "weakness", because no man’s nakedness is hidden from him. Some of Adam’s weaknesses were indeed hidden from him and he came to realize them when his enemy lured him away from his position of security. Before this he did his work, aided and helped by Divine grace which kept covered his failings and weaknesses; but when he allied himself with the family against which he had been warned, he was exposed and he realized, to his sorrow, how weak he was.

As Satan had succeeded in causing a split in the community and some of the weaker members had gone out of its fold, Adam gathered together the اوراق (leaves) of the garden, i.e. the youth of the community and began to reunite and reorganize his people with their help. It is generally the young men who, being mostly free from bias and regardless of dangers, follow and help the Prophets of God. Speaking of Moses, the Quran says: And none obeyed Moses, save some youths from among his people, because of the fear of Pharaoh and their chiefs (10:84).

It must be noted here that the being whom the Quran has represented as having refused to submit to Adam is called Iblis, while the person who tempted him is called Satan. This distinction is observed not only in the verse under comment, but in all the relevant verses throughout the Quran. This shows that, so far as this narrative is concerned, Satan and Iblis were two different persons. In fact, the word Shaitan (Satan) is applied not only to evil spirits but to certain human beings also who, on account of their evil nature and wicked deeds, become, as it were, fiends incarnate. Just as a man can advance in virtue and piety so as to become like an angel, similarly he may become morally so depraved and degenerate as to be called a devil. Thus the Shaitan, who tempted Adam and caused him to slip, was not an invisible evil spirit but a wicked man of flesh and blood, a devil from among human beings, a manifestation of Satan, and an agent of Iblis. He was a member of the family which Adam had been bidden to avoid. The Holy Prophet tells us that his name was Harith, literally meaning a farmer, (Tirmidhi, ch. on Tafsir) which is further evidence of his being a human being and not an evil spirit. See also 2:15 & 2:37.

Adam’s error lay in taking this man-devil for a well-wisher, although God had warned him against having anything to do with him.

English - Short Commentary Notes ^*

Cross Refs:

a

2:37; 20:122.

b

2:169, 209; 6:143; 12:6; 20:118; 28:16; 35:7; 36:61.

958

The word Sayyi’ah which means, any evil, foul, unseemly or abominable saying or habit or action which one would like to hide; shame; nakedness (Lane), is used here in the sense of "object of shame" or "weakness," because no man’s nakedness is hidden from him. Some of Adam’s weaknesses were indeed hidden from him and he came to realize them when his enemy lured him away from his position of security. Every person has certain weaknesses which are hidden even from himself, but which become exposed at time of strain and stress, or when he is tempted and tried. So it was when Adam was tempted and deceived by Satan that he became aware of some of his natural weaknesses. The Qur’an does not say that the weaknesses of Adam and his wife became known to other people, but that they only themselves became conscious of them.

959

Waraq, meaning, the prime and freshness of a thing; the young lads of a community (Lisan) signifies that when Satan succeeded in causing a split in Adam’s community and some of its weaker members had gone out of its fold, he gathered together the Auraq (leaves) of the Garden, i.e. the youth of the community, and began to reunite and reorganize his people with their help. It is generally the youth who, being mostly free from preconceived ideas and prejudices, follow and help the Prophets of God (10:84). The being whom the Qur’an has represented as having refused to submit to Adam is called Iblis, while the person who tempted him is called Satan. This distinction is observed not only in the verse under comment, but in all the relevant verses throughout the Qur’an. This shows that, so far as this narrative is concerned, Satan and Iblis were two different persons. In fact, the word Shaitan (Satan) is applied not only to evil spirits but also to those human beings who, on account of t

English - Pickthall

Thus did he lead them on with guile. And when they tasted of the tree their shame was manifest to them and they began to hide (by heaping) on themselves some of the leaves of the Garden. And their Lord called them, (saying): Did I not forbid you from that tree and tell you: Lo! Satan is an open enemy to you?

English - Muhammad Ali ^ra

Thus he caused them to fall by deceit. So when they had tasted of the tree, their shame became manifest to them, and they both began to cover themselves with the leaves of the garden. And their Lord called to them: Did I not forbid you that tree, and say to you that the devil is surely your open enemy?

English - Sir Muhammad Zafrullah Khan ^ra

Thus he brought about their fall by deceit. When they tasted of the tree their nakedness became manifest to them and they started covering themselves with the embellishments of the garden. Their Lord called out to them: Did I not forbid you that tree and say to you: Satan is surely your declared enemy?

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