Word قَسَتْ - Quran Morphology

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

Then your hearts became hardened after that, till they were like stones or harder still; for of stones indeed there are some out of which gush forth streams, and of them there are some out of which flows water when they cleave asunder. And indeed, of them there are some that humble themselves for fear of Allah. And Allah is not unmindful of what you do.

اردو ترجمہ مرزا طاہر احمد خلیفة المسیح الرابعؒ

پھر اس کے بعد تمہارے دل سخت ہو گئے گویا وہ پتھروں کی طرح تھے یا پھر سختی میں اس سے بھی بڑھ کر۔ جبکہ پتھروں میں سے بھی یقیناً بعض ایسے ہوتے ہیں کہ اُن سے نہریں پھوٹ پڑتی ہیں ۔ اور یقیناً ان میں سے ایسے بھی ہیں کہ جو پھٹ جائیں تو ان میں سے پانی نکلتا ہے ۔ پھر ان میں یقیناً ایسے بھی ہیں جو اللہ کی خشیت سے گر پڑتے ہیں ۔ اور اللہ اُس سے غافل نہیں ہے جو تم کرتے ہو۔

French

Mais ensuite vos cœurs se sont endurcis, au point de devenir comme des pierres et encore plus durs car, en vérité, il y a des pierres d’où jaillissent des ruisseaux, et il y en a d’autres d’où coule de l’eau quand elles se fendent. Et très certainement, il y a certains parmi eux qui s’humilient par crainte d’Allāh. Et Allāh n’est pas inattentif à ce que vous faites.

German

Danach aber wurden eure Herzen verhärtet, bis sie wie Steine waren oder noch härter; denn unter den Steinen sind ja solche, aus denen Ströme hervorbrechen, und solche, aus denen Wasser fließt, wenn sie sich spalten. Und gewiss sind unter ihnen manche, die sich demütigen in der Furcht Allahs; und Allah ist nicht achtlos eures Tuns.

Chinese

其后, [a]你们的心变得像石头一般硬, 或者, 比石头更硬。有些石头尚且涌出溪水; 有些石头自行裂开, 流出泉水。的确也有些 (心) 惧怕安拉, (祈求宽恕) 而变成谦虚的。安拉对于你们的行为绝非不洞悉的。

Italian

Allora i vostri cuori si indurirono dopo di ciò, fino a diventare come pietre e anche più duri; poiché in realtà vi sono alcune pietre da cui sgorgano ruscelli e ve ne sono altre da cui l'acqua fluisce quando si sfaldano. E invero vi sono alcuni tra loro che si umiliano per timore di Allah. E Allah non trascura quello che voi fate.

Spanish

Luego, posteriormente, se endurecieron vuestros corazones, hasta ser como piedras o aún más duros; pues en cuanto a las piedras hay, en verdad, algunas de las que brotan ríos y algunas de las que, una vez partidas, sale agua. Y en verdad, entre ellas hay otras que se humillan por temor a Al-lah. Y Al-lah no ignora lo que hacéis.

اردو تفسیرِ صغیر

اس کے بعد پھر تمہارے دل سخت ہو گئے‘ چنانچہ وہ پتھروں کی طرح بلکہ ان سے بھی زیادہ سخت ہیں اور پتھروں میں سے تو یقیناً بعض ایسے بھی ہوتے ہیں جن میں سے دریا بہتے ہیں اور ان میں سے بعض ایسے بھی ہوتے ہیں کہ پھٹ جاتے ہیں تو ان میں سے پانی نکلنے لگتا ہے اور ان (دلوں[2]) میں سے (بھی) بعض ایسے ہیں کہ اللہ کے ڈر سے (معافی مانگتے ہوئے) گر جاتے ہیں اور جو (کچھ) تم کر رہے ہو اللہ اس سے ہر گز بے خبر نہیں ہے۔

English - Short Commentary Translation

Then [a]your hearts became hardened[111] after that, till they were like stones or harder still, for of stones indeed there are some out of which gush forth streams, and of them there are some out of which flows water when they cleave asunder. And indeed of them there are some that humble themselves for fear of Allah. And Allah is not unmindful of what you do.[112]

English - Five Volume Translation

Then [a]your hearts became hardened after that, till they were like stones or harder still; for of stones indeed there are some out of which gush forth streams, and of them there are some out of which flows water when they cleave asunder. And indeed of them there are some that humble themselves for fear of Allah. And Allah is not unmindful of what you do.[81]

5:14; 6:44; 57:17.

Important Words:

یشقق (cleave asunder) which is originally یتشقق is derived from شق meaning, he cut it open or he clove it.

تشقق means, it clove or broke asunder (Aqrab).

Commentary:

The murder of the innocent Muslim referred to in the preceding verses sealed the fate of the Medinite Jews who thereafter became more and more hardened, their hearts becoming like stones or even worse.

The verse goes on to say that even lifeless things like stones are useful, but the Jews, although rational beings possessing understanding and descended from holy men, have become so hardened as virtually to become worse than stones. Stones have functions to perform; but as they possess no volition, their work can bring them no reward. Deeds are in fact of two kinds, firstly those which are performed through volition or exercise of will, and secondly those which are performed not through volition but under some natural law. According to Islam, it is only the deeds of the former class that bring reward; but the deeds of the latter class, though unable to bring a reward, are also sometimes useful. Most of the Jews, however, had become so depraved that, far from performing any act of virtue out of a desire to be virtuous, they did not even involuntarily perform anything that might be called virtuous. They had become worse than stones; for even from stones there comes out water which people profit by.

It has, however, been added that these remarks do not apply to the whole nation; for some of the Israelites were, no doubt, swayed by the fear of God. Of these the Quran says: Of them (the hearts) there are some that humble themselves for fear of Allah. It may be noted that the pronoun ھما (them) in the clause, and indeed of them there are some that humble themselves for fear of Allah, stands for قلوب (hearts) and not for حجارة (stones). The fact that of the two pronouns in the verse the first refers to حجارة (stones) and this one to قلوب (hearts) need not create any doubt. The Quran contains many instances of what is termed انتشار ضمائر i.e. where similar pronouns occurring in the same verse stand for different nouns. For example, we read in 48:10: That you may believe in Allah and His Messenger and may help him and honour him, and glorify Him morning and evening. In this verse the pronoun 'him' refers to the Holy Prophet in the first two places and to God in the third.

The sentence, for of stones indeed there are some out of which gush forth streams, and of them there are some out of which flows water when they cleave asunder, signifies that even among lifeless things there are grades, some being more useful than others; and the Quran hints that we should recognise the difference in the grade and usefulness of all things. Everything must have its due, whether small or great.

اردو ترجمہ مودودی

مگر ایسی نشانیاں دیکھنے کے بعد بھی آخر کار تمہارے دل سخت ہوگئے، پتھروں کی طرف سخت، بلکہ سختی میں کچھ ان سے بھی بڑھے ہوئے، کیونکہ پتھروں میں سے تو کوئی ایسا بھی ہوتا ہے جس میں سے چشمے پھوٹ بہتے ہیں، کوئی پھٹتا ہے اور اس میں سے پانی نکل آتا ہے اور کوئی خدا کے خوف سے لرز کر گر بھی پڑتا ہے اللہ تمہارے کرتوتوں سے بے خبر نہیں ہے

English - Sahih

Then your hearts became hardened after that, being like stones or even harder. For indeed, there are stones from which rivers burst forth, and there are some of them that split open and water comes out, and there are some of them that fall down for fear of Allah. And Allah is not unaware of what you do.

اردو ترجمہ احمد علی

پھر ا سکے بعد تمہارے دل سخت ہو گئے گویا کہ وہ پتھر ہیں یا ان سے بھی زیادہ سخت اور بعض پتھر تو ایسے بھی ہیں جن سے نہریں پھوٹ کر نکلتی ہیں اور بعض ایسے بھی ہیں جو پھٹتے ہیں پھر ان سے پانی نکلتا ہے اور بعض ایسے بھی ہیں جو الله کے ڈر سے گر پڑتے ہیں اور الله تمہارے کاموں سے بے خبر نہیں

English - Talal Itani

Then hardened your hearts from after that so they (became) like [the] stones or stronger (in) hardness. And indeed, from the stones certainly (there are some) which gush forth from it [the] rivers, and indeed, from them certainly (there are some) which split, so comes out from it [the] water, and indeed, from them certainly (there are some) which fall down from fear (of) Allah. And not (is) Allah unaware of what you do.

Chinese Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

a

5:14; 6:44; 57:17.

اردہ تفصیرِ صغیر نوٹس ^*

2

اس آیت کے دونوں طرح معنے کیے جا سکتے ہیں۔ ایک تو اس طرح کہ ھَا کی ضمیر پتھروں کی طرف پھیری جائے‘ اور معنے یہ کیے جائیں کہ اللہ تعالیٰ سے ڈرانے والی چیزوں کے سبب سے (جیسے آندھیاں‘ سیلاب اور زلزلے ہیں ) بعض پتھر گر جاتے ہیں۔ اس لحاظ سے خَشْیَۃٌ اِخْشَآءٌ کے معنوں میں استعمال ہوا ہے۔ دوسرے معنے یوں کیے جا سکتے ہیں کہ ھَا کی ضمیر قلوب کی طرف پھیری جائے اور معنے یوں ہوں کہ دلوں میں سے بعض یقیناً ایسے ہوتے ہیں کہ جو اللہ تعالیٰ کے ڈر سے معافی مانگتے ہوئے گر جاتے ہیں۔ قلوب کا لفظ پہلے آچکا ہے اور اس کی طرف ضمیر عربی قاعدہ کی رُو سے جا سکتی ہے (تفصیل کے لئے دیکھئے

English - Arberry

Then your hearts became hardened thereafter and are like stones, or even yet harder; for there are stones from which rivers come gushing, and others split, so that water issues from them, and others crash down in the fear of God. And God is not heedless of the things you do.

English - Maududi

But even after seeing these Signs your hearts hardened and became as hard as rocks; nay, even harder than rocks. For there are some rocks out of which springs gush forth, and others which split open, and water issues out of them; then there are some which tumble down for fear of Allah. And Allah is not unaware of what you are doing.

English - Ahmed Ali

Yet, in spite of this, your hearts only hardened like rocks or even harder, but among rocks are those from which rivers flow; and there are also those which split open and water gushes forth; as well as those that roll down for fear of God. And God is not negligent of all that you do.

English - Yusuf Ali

Thenceforth were your hearts hardened: They became like a rock and even worse in hardness. For among rocks there are some from which rivers gush forth; others there are which when split asunder send forth water; and others which sink for fear of Allah. And Allah is not unmindful of what ye do.

English - Five Volume Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

a

5:14; 6:44; 57:17.

81

Important Words:

یشقق (cleave asunder) which is originally یتشقق is derived from شق meaning, he cut it open or he clove it.

تشقق means, it clove or broke asunder (Aqrab).

Commentary:

The murder of the innocent Muslim referred to in the preceding verses sealed the fate of the Medinite Jews who thereafter became more and more hardened, their hearts becoming like stones or even worse.

The verse goes on to say that even lifeless things like stones are useful, but the Jews, although rational beings possessing understanding and descended from holy men, have become so hardened as virtually to become worse than stones. Stones have functions to perform; but as they possess no volition, their work can bring them no reward. Deeds are in fact of two kinds, firstly those which are performed through volition or exercise of will, and secondly those which are performed not through volition but under some natural law. According to Islam, it is only the deeds of the former class that bring reward; but the deeds of the latter class, though unable to bring a reward, are also sometimes useful. Most of the Jews, however, had become so depraved that, far from performing any act of virtue out of a desire to be virtuous, they did not even involuntarily perform anything that might be called virtuous. They had become worse than stones; for even from stones there comes out water which people profit by.

It has, however, been added that these remarks do not apply to the whole nation; for some of the Israelites were, no doubt, swayed by the fear of God. Of these the Quran says: Of them (the hearts) there are some that humble themselves for fear of Allah. It may be noted that the pronoun ھما (them) in the clause, and indeed of them there are some that humble themselves for fear of Allah, stands for قلوب (hearts) and not for حجارة (stones). The fact that of the two pronouns in the verse the first refers to حجارة (stones) and this one to قلوب (hearts) need not create any doubt. The Quran contains many instances of what is termed انتشار ضمائر i.e. where similar pronouns occurring in the same verse stand for different nouns. For example, we read in 48:10: That you may believe in Allah and His Messenger and may help him and honour him, and glorify Him morning and evening. In this verse the pronoun 'him' refers to the Holy Prophet in the first two places and to God in the third.

The sentence, for of stones indeed there are some out of which gush forth streams, and of them there are some out of which flows water when they cleave asunder, signifies that even among lifeless things there are grades, some being more useful than others; and the Quran hints that we should recognise the difference in the grade and usefulness of all things. Everything must have its due, whether small or great.

English - Short Commentary Notes ^*

Cross Refs:

a

5:14; 6:44; 57:17.

111

The murder of the innocent Muslim referred to in the preceding verses sealed the fate of the Medinite Jews who thereafter became more and more hardened, their hearts becoming like stones, even worse. The verse goes on to say that even lifeless things like stones are of some use, but the Jews have become so depraved that, far from performing any act of virtue out of a desire to be virtuous, they have not even involuntarily done anything that might be called virtuous. They have become worse than stones, for even from stones there comes out water which people profit by.

112

The remarks do not apply to the whole Jewish nation; for some of the Israelites were, no doubt, swayed by the fear of God. Of these the Qur’an says, of them (the hearts) there are some that humble themselves for fear of Allah, the pronoun ha standing for Qulub (hearts) and not for Hijarah (stones). The Qur’an contains several instances of what is termed Intisharud-Dama’ir, i.e. similar pronouns occurring in the same verse standing for different nouns (48:10).

English - Pickthall

Then, even after that, your hearts were hardened and became as rocks, or worse than rocks, for hardness. For indeed there are rocks from out which rivers gush, and indeed there are rocks which split asunder so that water floweth from them. And indeed there are rocks which fall down for the fear of Allah. Allah is not unaware of what ye do.

English - Muhammad Ali ^ra

Then your hearts hardened after that, so that they were like rocks, rather worse in hardness. And surely there are some rocks from which streams burst forth; and there are some of them which split asunder so water flows from them; and there are some of them which fall down for the fear of Allah. And Allah is not heedless of what you do.

English - Sir Muhammad Zafrullah Khan ^ra

Thereafter your hearts became hardened and became like stones or even harder, for of stones there are some out of which gush forth streams, and there are some that cleave asunder and water flows out from them. Of the hearts also there are some that humble themselves before Allah for fear of Him. Allah is not at all unmindful of that which you do.

قَسَتْ

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