Verse 35
The Table Spread • madinah
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إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ تَابُوا۟ مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَقْدِرُوا۟ عَلَيْهِمْ ۖ فَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
4:18.
这节经文和前一节经文指的不是普通的土匪和强盗, 而是那些对穆斯林国家进行侵略战争的异教徒。这可从 “对安拉和他的使者作战的人” 这些字中清楚地看出。这一推断还可从下一事实得到证实, 即本节经文允许对那些肯悔改的罪犯给予赦免。但是, 那些对个人或社会犯有极其凶恶罪行的人, 诸如土匪、强盗和窃贼很明显地在一般情况之下即使他们悔改也不能得到国家的宽恕。他们必须按照规定的经律受到他们罪恶行为应得的刑罚。当然, 他们悔改后可以由安拉给他们宽恕, 但国家的权力在这方面是受到限制的 (或国家在这方面是无权宽恕的。)
یہ الفاظ بھی دلالت کرتے ہیں کہ یہ حکم حکومت کے لئے ہے رعایا کے لئے نہیں کیونکہ پولیس اور فوج حکومت کے ماتحت ہوتی ہے۔ نہ کہ رعایا کے افراد کے ماتحت۔
اس حکم سے واضح ہے کہ شریعت اسلام کی بنیاد رحم پر ہے۔ اور اگر کوئی شخص سزا پانے سے پہلے توبہ کرلے تو اس کی توبہ قبول کرلی جاتی ہے اور اس کے ساتھ بے گناہوں کا سا سلوک کیا جاتا ہے مگر چونکہ دلوں کا حال خداتعالیٰ جانتا ہے یہ فیصلہ کرنا صرف خداتعالیٰ کا کام ہے۔
4:18.
This and the preceding verse refer not to ordinary dacoits and robbers but to rebels and those miscreants who make aggressive war upon the Muslim State, as is clear from the words, who wage war against Allah and His Messenger. The inference finds further support from the fact that the present verse promises amnesty to offenders if they repent. But obviously those who commit heinous offences against individuals or society, such as dacoits, robbers and thieves, cannot, in ordinary circumstances, be pardoned by the State even if they repent. They must suffer the penalty of their evil deeds as prescribed by the Law. Surely, repentance may secure for them pardon from God, but the powers of the State are limited in this respect. Political offenders, however, may be forgiven if they repent and desist from further acts of rebellion and other offences against the State
4:18.
Commentary:
This and the preceding verse refer, not to ordinary dacoits and robbers, as is wrongly assumed by some, but to rebels and those miscreants who make aggressive war upon the Muslim State, as is clear from the words, who wage war against Allah and His Messenger. This inference finds further support from the fact that the present verse promises amnesty to offenders if they repent. But obviously those who commit heinous offences against individuals or against society, such as dacoits, robbers and thieves, cannot, in ordinary circumstances, be pardoned by the State even if they repent. They must suffer the penalty of their wicked deeds as prescribed by the Law. Surely, repentance may secure for them pardon from God, but the powers of the State are limited in this respect. Political offenders, however, may be forgiven if they repent and desist from further acts of rebellion and other offences against the State.
b
4:18.
375
这节经文和前一节经文指的不是普通的土匪和强盗, 而是那些对穆斯林国家进行侵略战争的异教徒。这可从 “对安拉和他的使者作战的人” 这些字中清楚地看出。这一推断还可从下一事实得到证实, 即本节经文允许对那些肯悔改的罪犯给予赦免。但是, 那些对个人或社会犯有极其凶恶罪行的人, 诸如土匪、强盗和窃贼很明显地在一般情况之下即使他们悔改也不能得到国家的宽恕。他们必须按照规定的经律受到他们罪恶行为应得的刑罚。当然, 他们悔改后可以由安拉给他们宽恕, 但国家的权力在这方面是受到限制的 (或国家在这方面是无权宽恕的。)
1
یہ الفاظ بھی دلالت کرتے ہیں کہ یہ حکم حکومت کے لئے ہے رعایا کے لئے نہیں کیونکہ پولیس اور فوج حکومت کے ماتحت ہوتی ہے۔ نہ کہ رعایا کے افراد کے ماتحت۔
2
اس حکم سے واضح ہے کہ شریعت اسلام کی بنیاد رحم پر ہے۔ اور اگر کوئی شخص سزا پانے سے پہلے توبہ کرلے تو اس کی توبہ قبول کرلی جاتی ہے اور اس کے ساتھ بے گناہوں کا سا سلوک کیا جاتا ہے مگر چونکہ دلوں کا حال خداتعالیٰ جانتا ہے یہ فیصلہ کرنا صرف خداتعالیٰ کا کام ہے۔
b
4:18.
670
Commentary:
This and the preceding verse refer, not to ordinary dacoits and robbers, as is wrongly assumed by some, but to rebels and those miscreants who make aggressive war upon the Muslim State, as is clear from the words, who wage war against Allah and His Messenger. This inference finds further support from the fact that the present verse promises amnesty to offenders if they repent. But obviously those who commit heinous offences against individuals or against society, such as dacoits, robbers and thieves, cannot, in ordinary circumstances, be pardoned by the State even if they repent. They must suffer the penalty of their wicked deeds as prescribed by the Law. Surely, repentance may secure for them pardon from God, but the powers of the State are limited in this respect. Political offenders, however, may be forgiven if they repent and desist from further acts of rebellion and other offences against the State.
a
4:18.
742
This and the preceding verse refer not to ordinary dacoits and robbers but to rebels and those miscreants who make aggressive war upon the Muslim State, as is clear from the words, who wage war against Allah and His Messenger. The inference finds further support from the fact that the present verse promises amnesty to offenders if they repent. But obviously those who commit heinous offences against individuals or society, such as dacoits, robbers and thieves, cannot, in ordinary circumstances, be pardoned by the State even if they repent. They must suffer the penalty of their evil deeds as prescribed by the Law. Surely, repentance may secure for them pardon from God, but the powers of the State are limited in this respect. Political offenders, however, may be forgiven if they repent and desist from further acts of rebellion and other offences against the State