التحريم
At-Tahrim
The Prohibition • madinah • 12 Verses
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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
1:1.
1:1.
a
1:1.
a
See 1:1.
4277
Commentary:
See 1:1.
a
1:1.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَآ أَحَلَّ ٱللَّهُ لَكَ ۖ تَبْتَغِى مَرْضَاتَ أَزْوَٰجِكَ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کو ایک دفعہ ایک بیوی نے جس کے گھر باری تھی شہد کا شربت پلایا جو آپ کو پسند تھا۔ اس وجہ سے آپ دیر تک اس کے ہاں ٹھہرے۔ دوسری بیویوں کو یہ بُرا لگا۔ ایک بیوی نے جسے شاید شہد پسندنہ تھا‘ آپ سے کہا یا رسول اللہ آپ کے منہ سے بُو آتی ہے۔ آپ بہت نازک طبع تھے۔ آپ نے دل میں عہد کیا کہ آئندہ شہدنہ پئیں گے۔ اس پر یہ آیات نازل ہوئیں اور کہا گیا کہ شہد کو خداتعالیٰ نے اچھا قرار دیا ہے۔ کسی بیوی کی خاطر اس کا ترک بُری بات ہے۔ بعض مفسرین نے اس آیت کی بہت گندی تفسیر کی ہے یعنی یہ کہ آپ نے حضرت ماریہؓ سے جو آپ کی لونڈی تھی صحبت کی اور پھر یہ بات ایک بیوی سے عہد ل
It is related that one day one of the wives of the Holy Prophet gave him a drink made from honey, which he appeared to like. Some of his other wives, out of pique, pointed out to him that his breath smelt of Maghafir, a shrub the taste of which resembles that of honey but which gives out a bad smell. The Holy Prophet, because of his delicate nature, promised not to take honey any more (Buldan). It is to this incident that the verse under comment is generally taken to refer. But it seems improbable that the Holy Prophet, merely to satisfy the pique of his wife or wives, should have taken such a drastic step as to have permanently forbidden himself the use of something which was lawful, particularly of a thing in which, according to the Qur’an, there is cure for men' (16:70). It appears that the narrator or narrators of this 'incident had suffered from some misunderstanding or mental confusion, particularly when, according to one tradition, the Holy Prophet took honey from the house of Zainab, and
Commentary:
It is related that one day one of the wives of the Holy Prophet gave him a drink made from honey, which he seemed to like. Some of his other wives, out of pique, pointed out to him that his breath smelt of Maghafir, a shrub the taste of which resembled that of honey but having a bad smell. The Holy Prophet, because of his delicate nature, promised not to take honey any more (Buldan). It is to this incident that the verse under comment is generally taken to refer. But it seems improbable that the Holy Prophet, merely to satisfy the pique of his wife or wives, should have taken such a drastic step as to have forbidden himself the use of some-thing which was lawful, particularly that in which, according to the Quran, "there is cure for men" (16:70). It appears the narrator or narrators of this incident in the traditions suffered from some misunderstanding or confusion, particularly when, accor-ding to one tradition, the Holy Prophet took honey from the house of Zainab, and it were ‘A’ishah and Hafsah who contrived to draw him into making the aforesaid promise, while, according to another tradition, it was at the house of Hafsah that he was served with honey and that the wives who objected were ‘A’ishah, Zainab and Safiyya. It appears, moreover, that according to the hadith, two, or at the most three, of the Holy Prophet’s wives were concerned in the incident, but, according to vv. 2 & 6 of the present Surah, all were connected with it, two of them taking a leading part (v.5). These considerations indicate that the Surah refers to some incident of much greater significance than the mere taking of honey by the Holy Prophet at the house of one of his wives and of having been drawn into making a promise not to take it anymore. In the commentary on this Surah, Bukhari (Kitabul-Mazalim wal Ghasb) quotes Ibn ‘Abbas as relating that he was always on the lookout to enquire of ‘Umar as to who were the two wives to whom reference had been made in the verse: "Now, if you two turn unto Allah, it will be better for you, and your hearts are already so inclined." One day, finding ‘Umar alone, he sought to satisfy his curiosity. He had hardly finished his question, says Ibn ‘Abbas, when ‘Umar said that they were ‘A’ishah and Hafsah and then proceeded to relate the story: "Once, when my wife offered me her advice concerning some domestic affair, I curtly told her that it was no business of hers to advise me, for in those days we did not hold our womenfolk in much respect. My wife sternly replied: 'Your daughter Hafsah takes so much liberty with the Holy Prophet that she retorts back, when he says something not to her liking till he feels offended, and you do not allow me to speak to you even about our domestic affairs.' Upon this I went to Hafsah and sternly told her that she should not be misled by ‘A’ishah in this matter as she was nearer to the Prophet’s heart. Then I went to Ummi Salma and had hardly broached the matter with her when she also curtly told me not to interfere in affairs concerning the Prophet and his wives. A short time after this, the Prophet separated himself from his wives and decided not to go to the house of any of them. The news went round that the Prophet had divorced his wives. I went to him and asked him if it was true that he had divorced his wives to which he replied in the negative." This incident shows that ‘Umar, and Ibn ‘Abbas were of the view that the relevant verses of the Surah referred to this temporary separation of the Holy Prophet from his wives. The fact that the preceding Surah mentions the subject of Talaq which is separation of a permanent character, lends weight to the inference that these verses relate to the Prophet’s separation from his wives, which, however, was of a temporary nature. Besides, as reported by ‘A’ishah in the above mentioned hadith, immediately after the period of separation was over, v. 33:29 was revealed, and the Prophet’s wives were given the choice between the Prophet’s companionship and a life of poverty and austere simplicity on the one hand, and separation from him with a life of ease and comfort and all sorts of material benefit on the other. The choice was given to all the wives and the verse under comment speaks of all the wives, as also does v. 4. This shows that the incident referred to in these verses concerns all the wives in which two of them took a more prominent part. And this was when the Prophet’s wives, led by ‘A’ishah and Hafsah, demanded of him that like other Muslim women they should also have amenities of life and comfortable living (Fathul-Qadir). In this context the words تبتغی مرضاة أزواجک would seem to mean something like this: "Since thou always desirest to please thy wives and meet their wishes, they have been encouraged by this loving attitude of thine naturally to lose sight of thy high position as a Prophet of God and to make excessive demands on thee."
The alleged incident of Mariah, the Copt, being too foolish and fantastic a concoction of Christian writers and lacking all reliable historical evidence, does not merit serious notice. Mary was the Holy Prophet’s wedded consort and the respected mother of the Faithful. The Prophet never kept a slave girl.
1
رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کو ایک دفعہ ایک بیوی نے جس کے گھر باری تھی شہد کا شربت پلایا جو آپ کو پسند تھا۔ اس وجہ سے آپ دیر تک اس کے ہاں ٹھہرے۔ دوسری بیویوں کو یہ بُرا لگا۔ ایک بیوی نے جسے شاید شہد پسندنہ تھا‘ آپ سے کہا یا رسول اللہ آپ کے منہ سے بُو آتی ہے۔ آپ بہت نازک طبع تھے۔ آپ نے دل میں عہد کیا کہ آئندہ شہدنہ پئیں گے۔ اس پر یہ آیات نازل ہوئیں اور کہا گیا کہ شہد کو خداتعالیٰ نے اچھا قرار دیا ہے۔ کسی بیوی کی خاطر اس کا ترک بُری بات ہے۔ بعض مفسرین نے اس آیت کی بہت گندی تفسیر کی ہے یعنی یہ کہ آپ نے حضرت ماریہؓ سے جو آپ کی لونڈی تھی صحبت کی اور پھر یہ بات ایک بیوی سے عہد ل
4278
Commentary:
It is related that one day one of the wives of the Holy Prophet gave him a drink made from honey, which he seemed to like. Some of his other wives, out of pique, pointed out to him that his breath smelt of Maghafir, a shrub the taste of which resembled that of honey but having a bad smell. The Holy Prophet, because of his delicate nature, promised not to take honey any more (Buldan). It is to this incident that the verse under comment is generally taken to refer. But it seems improbable that the Holy Prophet, merely to satisfy the pique of his wife or wives, should have taken such a drastic step as to have forbidden himself the use of some-thing which was lawful, particularly that in which, according to the Quran, "there is cure for men" (16:70). It appears the narrator or narrators of this incident in the traditions suffered from some misunderstanding or confusion, particularly when, accor-ding to one tradition, the Holy Prophet took honey from the house of Zainab, and it were ‘A’ishah and Hafsah who contrived to draw him into making the aforesaid promise, while, according to another tradition, it was at the house of Hafsah that he was served with honey and that the wives who objected were ‘A’ishah, Zainab and Safiyya. It appears, moreover, that according to the hadith, two, or at the most three, of the Holy Prophet’s wives were concerned in the incident, but, according to vv. 2 & 6 of the present Surah, all were connected with it, two of them taking a leading part (v.5). These considerations indicate that the Surah refers to some incident of much greater significance than the mere taking of honey by the Holy Prophet at the house of one of his wives and of having been drawn into making a promise not to take it anymore. In the commentary on this Surah, Bukhari (Kitabul-Mazalim wal Ghasb) quotes Ibn ‘Abbas as relating that he was always on the lookout to enquire of ‘Umar as to who were the two wives to whom reference had been made in the verse: "Now, if you two turn unto Allah, it will be better for you, and your hearts are already so inclined." One day, finding ‘Umar alone, he sought to satisfy his curiosity. He had hardly finished his question, says Ibn ‘Abbas, when ‘Umar said that they were ‘A’ishah and Hafsah and then proceeded to relate the story: "Once, when my wife offered me her advice concerning some domestic affair, I curtly told her that it was no business of hers to advise me, for in those days we did not hold our womenfolk in much respect. My wife sternly replied: 'Your daughter Hafsah takes so much liberty with the Holy Prophet that she retorts back, when he says something not to her liking till he feels offended, and you do not allow me to speak to you even about our domestic affairs.' Upon this I went to Hafsah and sternly told her that she should not be misled by ‘A’ishah in this matter as she was nearer to the Prophet’s heart. Then I went to Ummi Salma and had hardly broached the matter with her when she also curtly told me not to interfere in affairs concerning the Prophet and his wives. A short time after this, the Prophet separated himself from his wives and decided not to go to the house of any of them. The news went round that the Prophet had divorced his wives. I went to him and asked him if it was true that he had divorced his wives to which he replied in the negative." This incident shows that ‘Umar, and Ibn ‘Abbas were of the view that the relevant verses of the Surah referred to this temporary separation of the Holy Prophet from his wives. The fact that the preceding Surah mentions the subject of Talaq which is separation of a permanent character, lends weight to the inference that these verses relate to the Prophet’s separation from his wives, which, however, was of a temporary nature. Besides, as reported by ‘A’ishah in the above mentioned hadith, immediately after the period of separation was over, v. 33:29 was revealed, and the Prophet’s wives were given the choice between the Prophet’s companionship and a life of poverty and austere simplicity on the one hand, and separation from him with a life of ease and comfort and all sorts of material benefit on the other. The choice was given to all the wives and the verse under comment speaks of all the wives, as also does v. 4. This shows that the incident referred to in these verses concerns all the wives in which two of them took a more prominent part. And this was when the Prophet’s wives, led by ‘A’ishah and Hafsah, demanded of him that like other Muslim women they should also have amenities of life and comfortable living (Fathul-Qadir). In this context the words تبتغی مرضاة أزواجک would seem to mean something like this: "Since thou always desirest to please thy wives and meet their wishes, they have been encouraged by this loving attitude of thine naturally to lose sight of thy high position as a Prophet of God and to make excessive demands on thee."
The alleged incident of Mariah, the Copt, being too foolish and fantastic a concoction of Christian writers and lacking all reliable historical evidence, does not merit serious notice. Mary was the Holy Prophet’s wedded consort and the respected mother of the Faithful. The Prophet never kept a slave girl.
3071
It is related that one day one of the wives of the Holy Prophet gave him a drink made from honey, which he appeared to like. Some of his other wives, out of pique, pointed out to him that his breath smelt of Maghafir, a shrub the taste of which resembles that of honey but which gives out a bad smell. The Holy Prophet, because of his delicate nature, promised not to take honey any more (Buldan). It is to this incident that the verse under comment is generally taken to refer. But it seems improbable that the Holy Prophet, merely to satisfy the pique of his wife or wives, should have taken such a drastic step as to have permanently forbidden himself the use of something which was lawful, particularly of a thing in which, according to the Qur’an, there is cure for men' (16:70). It appears that the narrator or narrators of this 'incident had suffered from some misunderstanding or mental confusion, particularly when, according to one tradition, the Holy Prophet took honey from the house of Zainab, and
قَدْ فَرَضَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمْ تَحِلَّةَ أَيْمَٰنِكُمْ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ مَوْلَىٰكُمْ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَلِيمُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ
The Holy Prophet had severely taken to heart his wives’ demand for amenities of life, and in order to show his extreme displeasure had sworn to keep away from them for one month. The present verse describes that a lawful thing does not become unlawful for a person merely by his swearing not to use it. In such a contingency he is required only to expiate his broken oath.
Commentary:
The Holy Prophet had severely taken to heart his wives’ demand for amenities of life, and in order to show his extreme displeasure had sworn to keep away from them for one month. The verse under comment prescribes that a lawful thing does not become unlawful to a person merely by his swearing not to use it. In such a contingency he is required only to expiate his broken oath.
4279
Commentary:
The Holy Prophet had severely taken to heart his wives’ demand for amenities of life, and in order to show his extreme displeasure had sworn to keep away from them for one month. The verse under comment prescribes that a lawful thing does not become unlawful to a person merely by his swearing not to use it. In such a contingency he is required only to expiate his broken oath.
3072
The Holy Prophet had severely taken to heart his wives’ demand for amenities of life, and in order to show his extreme displeasure had sworn to keep away from them for one month. The present verse describes that a lawful thing does not become unlawful for a person merely by his swearing not to use it. In such a contingency he is required only to expiate his broken oath.
وَإِذْ أَسَرَّ ٱلنَّبِىُّ إِلَىٰ بَعْضِ أَزْوَٰجِهِۦ حَدِيثًا فَلَمَّا نَبَّأَتْ بِهِۦ وَأَظْهَرَهُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ عَرَّفَ بَعْضَهُۥ وَأَعْرَضَ عَنۢ بَعْضٍ ۖ فَلَمَّا نَبَّأَهَا بِهِۦ قَالَتْ مَنْ أَنۢبَأَكَ هَٰذَا ۖ قَالَ نَبَّأَنِىَ ٱلْعَلِيمُ ٱلْخَبِيرُ
It is difficult to say to what particular incident the present verse, in fact, refers. The reference which seems to be supported by the context may be to the incident described by ‘A’ishah herself, which is to this effect: When verse 33:29 was revealed, giving the Holy Prophet’s wives the choice between his companionship and separation from him in reply to their demand for a life of comfort and ease, the Prophet first of all broached the matter with ‘A’ishah (Bukhari, Kitabul-Mazalimi wal-Ghasb). The Holy Prophet appears to have taken that course because it was ‘A’ishah who had led the demand along with Hafsah, and it is not unlikely that ‘A’ishah should have passed on the Holy Prophet’s secret communication to Hafsah. Whatever the actual facts of the case may be, the verse emphasizes the obligation of a person to whom a secret is confided not to divulge it, particularly when the parties concerned are husband and wife and the secret relates to a private domestic affair; or for th
Commentary:
It is difficult to say to what particular incident the present verse in fact refers. The reference which seems to be supported by the context may be to the incident described by ‘A’ishah herself, which is to this effect: When verse 33:29 was revealed, giving the Holy Prophet’s wives a choice between his companionship and separation from him, by way of a reply to their demand for a life of comfort and ease, the Prophet first of all, broached the matter with ‘A’ishah (Bukhari, Kitabul-Mazalim wal Ghasb). The Holy Prophet appears to have taken that course because it was ‘A’ishah who had led the demand along with Hafsah, and it is not unlikely that ‘A’ishah passed on the Holy Prophet’s secret communication to Hafsah. Whatever the actual facts may be, the verse emphasizes the obligation of a person to whom a secret is confided not to divulge it, particularly when the parties concerned are husband and wife and the secret relates to a private domestic affair; or for that matter when they are a Prophet of God and one of his followers.
4280
Commentary:
It is difficult to say to what particular incident the present verse in fact refers. The reference which seems to be supported by the context may be to the incident described by ‘A’ishah herself, which is to this effect: When verse 33:29 was revealed, giving the Holy Prophet’s wives a choice between his companionship and separation from him, by way of a reply to their demand for a life of comfort and ease, the Prophet first of all, broached the matter with ‘A’ishah (Bukhari, Kitabul-Mazalim wal Ghasb). The Holy Prophet appears to have taken that course because it was ‘A’ishah who had led the demand along with Hafsah, and it is not unlikely that ‘A’ishah passed on the Holy Prophet’s secret communication to Hafsah. Whatever the actual facts may be, the verse emphasizes the obligation of a person to whom a secret is confided not to divulge it, particularly when the parties concerned are husband and wife and the secret relates to a private domestic affair; or for that matter when they are a Prophet of God and one of his followers.
3073
It is difficult to say to what particular incident the present verse, in fact, refers. The reference which seems to be supported by the context may be to the incident described by ‘A’ishah herself, which is to this effect: When verse 33:29 was revealed, giving the Holy Prophet’s wives the choice between his companionship and separation from him in reply to their demand for a life of comfort and ease, the Prophet first of all broached the matter with ‘A’ishah (Bukhari, Kitabul-Mazalimi wal-Ghasb). The Holy Prophet appears to have taken that course because it was ‘A’ishah who had led the demand along with Hafsah, and it is not unlikely that ‘A’ishah should have passed on the Holy Prophet’s secret communication to Hafsah. Whatever the actual facts of the case may be, the verse emphasizes the obligation of a person to whom a secret is confided not to divulge it, particularly when the parties concerned are husband and wife and the secret relates to a private domestic affair; or for th
إِن تَتُوبَآ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوبُكُمَا ۖ وَإِن تَظَٰهَرَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ مَوْلَىٰهُ وَجِبْرِيلُ وَصَٰلِحُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ۖ وَٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ
مفسرین نے پھر یہاں غلطی کی ہے اور معنے یہ کیے ہیں کہ تمہارے دل ٹیڑھے ہو گئے ہیں۔ حالانکہ خداتعالیٰ نے فرمایا تھا کہ تمہارے دل پہلے ہی توبہ کی طرف مائل ہیں لغت میں لکھا ہے کہ صَغٰی اِلَیْہِ کے معنے ہیں مَالَ (مفردات) پس فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوْبُکُمَا کے معنے یہی ہو سکتے ہیں کہ تمہارے دل تو توبہ کی طرف پہلے ہی مائل ہیں۔ نہ معلوم مفسرین کو یہ کیوں شوق ہوا کہ ازواج مطہرات کو جن کے متعلق خداتعالیٰ فرما چکا ہے کہ اِنَّمَا یُرِیْدُ اللّٰہُ لِیُذْھِبَ عَنْکُمُ الرِّجْسَ اَھْلَ الْبَیْتِ وَ یُطَھِّرَکُمْ تَطْھِیْرًا (احزاب: ۳۴) گندہ قرار دیں۔ شاید کسی شیعہ
The words, "you two," seem to refer to ‘A’ishah and Hafsah who had led the demand for worldly comforts in their domestic lives. All the other wives of the Holy Prophet had, however, joined in the demand, though the leading part was taken by these two, and this, perhaps because they were the daughters respectively of Abu Bakr and ‘Umar, the two most respected among the Holy Prophet’s Companions. The phraseology of the verse indicates that the matter referred to in these verses was of a very serious nature, but taking honey from the house of one’s wife evidently is not so serious an affair as to have led to separation of the Holy Prophet from all his wives for about a month. Nor was the admonition to the Prophet’s wives implied in the words, 'Allah is his helper and Gabriel and righteous among the believers' called for in such a case.
Commentary:
The words "you two," seem to refer to ‘A’ishah and Hafsah who led the demand for worldly comforts in their homes. All the wives of the Holy Prophet had, however, joined in the demand, though the leading part was taken by these two, and this, perhaps because they were daughters respectively of Abu Bakr and ‘Umar, the two most respected among the Holy Prophet’s Companions. See also v. 2 above.
The phraseology of the verse indicates that the matter referred to in these verses was of a very serious nature, but taking honey from the house of one’s wife evidently is not so serious an affair as to have led to separation of the Holy Prophet from all his wives for nearly a month. Nor was the reprimand to the Prophet’s wives implied in the words "Allah is his Helper and Gabriel and believers…" called for.
1
مفسرین نے پھر یہاں غلطی کی ہے اور معنے یہ کیے ہیں کہ تمہارے دل ٹیڑھے ہو گئے ہیں۔ حالانکہ خداتعالیٰ نے فرمایا تھا کہ تمہارے دل پہلے ہی توبہ کی طرف مائل ہیں لغت میں لکھا ہے کہ صَغٰی اِلَیْہِ کے معنے ہیں مَالَ (مفردات) پس فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوْبُکُمَا کے معنے یہی ہو سکتے ہیں کہ تمہارے دل تو توبہ کی طرف پہلے ہی مائل ہیں۔ نہ معلوم مفسرین کو یہ کیوں شوق ہوا کہ ازواج مطہرات کو جن کے متعلق خداتعالیٰ فرما چکا ہے کہ اِنَّمَا یُرِیْدُ اللّٰہُ لِیُذْھِبَ عَنْکُمُ الرِّجْسَ اَھْلَ الْبَیْتِ وَ یُطَھِّرَکُمْ تَطْھِیْرًا (احزاب: ۳۴) گندہ قرار دیں۔ شاید کسی شیعہ
4281
Commentary:
The words "you two," seem to refer to ‘A’ishah and Hafsah who led the demand for worldly comforts in their homes. All the wives of the Holy Prophet had, however, joined in the demand, though the leading part was taken by these two, and this, perhaps because they were daughters respectively of Abu Bakr and ‘Umar, the two most respected among the Holy Prophet’s Companions. See also v. 2 above.
The phraseology of the verse indicates that the matter referred to in these verses was of a very serious nature, but taking honey from the house of one’s wife evidently is not so serious an affair as to have led to separation of the Holy Prophet from all his wives for nearly a month. Nor was the reprimand to the Prophet’s wives implied in the words "Allah is his Helper and Gabriel and believers…" called for.
3074
The words, "you two," seem to refer to ‘A’ishah and Hafsah who had led the demand for worldly comforts in their domestic lives. All the other wives of the Holy Prophet had, however, joined in the demand, though the leading part was taken by these two, and this, perhaps because they were the daughters respectively of Abu Bakr and ‘Umar, the two most respected among the Holy Prophet’s Companions. The phraseology of the verse indicates that the matter referred to in these verses was of a very serious nature, but taking honey from the house of one’s wife evidently is not so serious an affair as to have led to separation of the Holy Prophet from all his wives for about a month. Nor was the admonition to the Prophet’s wives implied in the words, 'Allah is his helper and Gabriel and righteous among the believers' called for in such a case.
عَسَىٰ رَبُّهُۥٓ إِن طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَن يُبْدِلَهُۥٓ أَزْوَٰجًا خَيْرًا مِّنكُنَّ مُسْلِمَٰتٍ مُّؤْمِنَٰتٍ قَٰنِتَٰتٍ تَٰٓئِبَٰتٍ عَٰبِدَٰتٍ سَٰٓئِحَٰتٍ ثَيِّبَٰتٍ وَأَبْكَارًا
Important Words:
سائحات (given to fasting) is feminine of سائحون which is plural of سائح which is act. part. from ساح. They say ساح فی الارض i.e. he went through the land for the purpose of devoting himself to religious services. سائح means, one who (1) goes through the land as a devotee; or forsakes his home for the sake of God; (2) who observes the obligatory fasts; (3) one who fasts constantly (Lane & Aqrab).
ثیبات (widows) is the plural of ثیب which is derived from ثاب. They say ثیبت المرأة i.e. the woman became a ثیب which means.(1) a woman who has become separated from her husband by his death or by being divorced by him; (2) one who is not a virgin; (3) a woman to whom a man has gone in; (4) a man who has gone in to a woman; (5) a person who has married, whether man or woman; (6) a woman who has attained the age of puberty, though a virgin. رجل ثیب means a man who has been married to a woman (Lane & Aqrab.)
4282
Important Words:
سائحات (given to fasting) is feminine of سائحون which is plural of سائح which is act. part. from ساح. They say ساح فی الارض i.e. he went through the land for the purpose of devoting himself to religious services. سائح means, one who (1) goes through the land as a devotee; or forsakes his home for the sake of God; (2) who observes the obligatory fasts; (3) one who fasts constantly (Lane & Aqrab).
ثیبات (widows) is the plural of ثیب which is derived from ثاب. They say ثیبت المرأة i.e. the woman became a ثیب which means.(1) a woman who has become separated from her husband by his death or by being divorced by him; (2) one who is not a virgin; (3) a woman to whom a man has gone in; (4) a man who has gone in to a woman; (5) a person who has married, whether man or woman; (6) a woman who has attained the age of puberty, though a virgin. رجل ثیب means a man who has been married to a woman (Lane & Aqrab.)
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ قُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمْ نَارًا وَقُودُهَا ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱلْحِجَارَةُ عَلَيْهَا مَلَٰٓئِكَةٌ غِلَاظٌ شِدَادٌ لَّا يَعْصُونَ ٱللَّهَ مَآ أَمَرَهُمْ وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا يُؤْمَرُونَ
2:25.
سوال ہو سکتا ہے کہ بتوں کو آگ میں ڈالنے کی کیا غرض ہے وہ تو بے جان ہیں۔ اس کا جواب یہ ہے کہ گو وہ بے جان ہیں مگر کفار تو ان کو خدائی صفات دیتے تھے۔ ان کو جہنم میں ڈالنے سے کفار پر ان کے عقیدہ کی غلطی ثابت ہوتی تھی۔ اور بتوں پر کوئی ظلم نہ تھا۔ کیونکہ وہ بے جان ہیں۔
2:25.
2:25.
Commentary:
As the Surah deals particularly with domestic disagreements and conflicts, believers are enjoined to train and educate members of their household in such a way that there should reign complete harmony, peace and concord in the house as it prevails in Paradise.
a
2:25.
1
سوال ہو سکتا ہے کہ بتوں کو آگ میں ڈالنے کی کیا غرض ہے وہ تو بے جان ہیں۔ اس کا جواب یہ ہے کہ گو وہ بے جان ہیں مگر کفار تو ان کو خدائی صفات دیتے تھے۔ ان کو جہنم میں ڈالنے سے کفار پر ان کے عقیدہ کی غلطی ثابت ہوتی تھی۔ اور بتوں پر کوئی ظلم نہ تھا۔ کیونکہ وہ بے جان ہیں۔
a
2:25.
4283
Commentary:
As the Surah deals particularly with domestic disagreements and conflicts, believers are enjoined to train and educate members of their household in such a way that there should reign complete harmony, peace and concord in the house as it prevails in Paradise.
a
2:25.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لَا تَعْتَذِرُوا۟ ٱلْيَوْمَ ۖ إِنَّمَا تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
9:66.
9:66.
9:66; 77:37.
b
9:66.
b
9:66; 77:37.
a
9:66.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ تُوبُوٓا۟ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ تَوْبَةً نَّصُوحًا عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمْ أَن يُكَفِّرَ عَنكُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتِكُمْ وَيُدْخِلَكُمْ جَنَّٰتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ يَوْمَ لَا يُخْزِى ٱللَّهُ ٱلنَّبِىَّ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ مَعَهُۥ ۖ نُورُهُمْ يَسْعَىٰ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَبِأَيْمَٰنِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ أَتْمِمْ لَنَا نُورَنَا وَٱغْفِرْ لَنَآ ۖ إِنَّكَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
48:6; 64:10.
信者在天园中永无休止地追求完美的欲望在这句话中得到了表达: “我们的养主啊, 求你为了我们 (的益处) 完成我们的光辉吧。” 这说明天园中的生活并不是毫无生气的。相反, 天园中的精神进展将是无限的, 因为当信者获得某阶段所特有的美德的时候, 他们不会就此停止, 而是看到前面还有更高阶段的美德, 发现他们所达到的阶段并非最高阶段, 他们就继而向前, 永无止境。
信者进入天园后将力求 مَغْفِرَة (Maghfirah), 即克服缺陷 (Lane)。 他们将不停地祈求安拉赐予达到完美并完全沐浴在真主的光明中, 他们将继续向上, 把每一阶段与他们所祈求的更高阶段作比较看作有欠缺, 因此将祈求安拉使其度过有欠缺的阶段, 以便他们能够到达更高阶段。这是 اِسْتِغْفَار (Istighfar) 的真正含意, 字面上的意思是“请求宽恕过失。”
لَام عربی میں فائدہ کے معنے ادا کرنے کے لئے آتا ہے اس لئے ہم نے اس کا ترجمہ یہ کیا ہے کہ اے ہمارے ربّ ہمارا نور ہمارے فائدہ کے لئے پورا کر دے۔
48:6; 64:10.
The never-ceasing desire for perfection on the part of believers in Paradise as expressed in the words, 'Our Lord perfect our light for us,' shows that life in Paradise will not be one of inaction. On the contrary, spiritual advance in Paradise will know no end, for as the believers will attain excellence, characteristic of a certain stage, they will not stop at that, but seeing in front of it a higher stage of excellence and finding that the stage at which they had arrived was not the highest stage will proceed further, and so on without end.
It further appears that after entering Paradise, the believers will seek Maghfirah, i.e. suppression of defects (Lane). They will be continually praying to God for the attainment of perfection and complete immersion in Divine Light and will be continually going upwards regarding each state as defective in comparison with a higher one, to which they will aspire, and will therefore pray to God to suppress the defective state that they may be able to get to the higher one. This is the true significance of Istighfar of which the literal meaning is, 'asking forgiveness for one’s lapses.'
8:30; 48:6; 64:10.
Commentary:
The never-ceasing desire for perfection on the part of believers in Paradise as expressed in the words, "Our Lord perfect our light for us," shows that life in Paradise will not be a life of inaction. On the contrary, spiritual advance in Paradise will know no end, for as the believers will attain excellence, characteristic of a certain stage, they will not stop at that, but seeing in front of it a higher stage of excellence and thus finding that the stage at which they had arrived was not the highest stage, will desire the attainment of the next higher stage, and so on without end.
In short the believers will go on making advancement in Paradise and shall never recede a step. Their activity far from ceasing will rather increase. The Holy Prophet is reported to have said that in Paradise the believers will be imparted knowledge of new attributes of God which they will try to copy in themselves.
From the verse it further appears that after entering Paradise, the believers will seek maghfirah, i.e. "suppression of a defect." In this sense of maghfirah the verse means that the righteous will be continually praying to God for the attainment of perfection and complete immersion in divine light. They will be continually going upwards and will regard each state as defective in comparison with a higher one to which they will aspire and will, therefore, pray to God to suppress the defective state that they may be able to get to the higher one. This is the true significance of Istighfar of which the literal meaning is, "asking forgiveness for one’s lapses."
c
48:6; 64:10.
1444
信者在天园中永无休止地追求完美的欲望在这句话中得到了表达: “我们的养主啊, 求你为了我们 (的益处) 完成我们的光辉吧。” 这说明天园中的生活并不是毫无生气的。相反, 天园中的精神进展将是无限的, 因为当信者获得某阶段所特有的美德的时候, 他们不会就此停止, 而是看到前面还有更高阶段的美德, 发现他们所达到的阶段并非最高阶段, 他们就继而向前, 永无止境。
1445
信者进入天园后将力求 مَغْفِرَة (Maghfirah), 即克服缺陷 (Lane)。 他们将不停地祈求安拉赐予达到完美并完全沐浴在真主的光明中, 他们将继续向上, 把每一阶段与他们所祈求的更高阶段作比较看作有欠缺, 因此将祈求安拉使其度过有欠缺的阶段, 以便他们能够到达更高阶段。这是 اِسْتِغْفَار (Istighfar) 的真正含意, 字面上的意思是“请求宽恕过失。”
2
لَام عربی میں فائدہ کے معنے ادا کرنے کے لئے آتا ہے اس لئے ہم نے اس کا ترجمہ یہ کیا ہے کہ اے ہمارے ربّ ہمارا نور ہمارے فائدہ کے لئے پورا کر دے۔
a
8:30; 48:6; 64:10.
4284
Commentary:
The never-ceasing desire for perfection on the part of believers in Paradise as expressed in the words, "Our Lord perfect our light for us," shows that life in Paradise will not be a life of inaction. On the contrary, spiritual advance in Paradise will know no end, for as the believers will attain excellence, characteristic of a certain stage, they will not stop at that, but seeing in front of it a higher stage of excellence and thus finding that the stage at which they had arrived was not the highest stage, will desire the attainment of the next higher stage, and so on without end.
In short the believers will go on making advancement in Paradise and shall never recede a step. Their activity far from ceasing will rather increase. The Holy Prophet is reported to have said that in Paradise the believers will be imparted knowledge of new attributes of God which they will try to copy in themselves.
From the verse it further appears that after entering Paradise, the believers will seek maghfirah, i.e. "suppression of a defect." In this sense of maghfirah the verse means that the righteous will be continually praying to God for the attainment of perfection and complete immersion in divine light. They will be continually going upwards and will regard each state as defective in comparison with a higher one to which they will aspire and will, therefore, pray to God to suppress the defective state that they may be able to get to the higher one. This is the true significance of Istighfar of which the literal meaning is, "asking forgiveness for one’s lapses."
b
48:6; 64:10.
3075
The never-ceasing desire for perfection on the part of believers in Paradise as expressed in the words, 'Our Lord perfect our light for us,' shows that life in Paradise will not be one of inaction. On the contrary, spiritual advance in Paradise will know no end, for as the believers will attain excellence, characteristic of a certain stage, they will not stop at that, but seeing in front of it a higher stage of excellence and finding that the stage at which they had arrived was not the highest stage will proceed further, and so on without end.
3076
It further appears that after entering Paradise, the believers will seek Maghfirah, i.e. suppression of defects (Lane). They will be continually praying to God for the attainment of perfection and complete immersion in Divine Light and will be continually going upwards regarding each state as defective in comparison with a higher one, to which they will aspire, and will therefore pray to God to suppress the defective state that they may be able to get to the higher one. This is the true significance of Istighfar of which the literal meaning is, 'asking forgiveness for one’s lapses.'
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ جَٰهِدِ ٱلْكُفَّارَ وَٱلْمُنَٰفِقِينَ وَٱغْلُظْ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ وَمَأْوَىٰهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ ۖ وَبِئْسَ ٱلْمَصِيرُ
要向不信者和伪信者尽力宣教, 才有可能进展。顺便提一句, 这节经文解说了 جِهَاد (Jihad) 真正的意思是, 因为伪信者被看成是穆斯林社会的一部分, 所以作 “用剑作战” 解的 Jihad 绝不是对他们的。
غِلْظَۃٌ کے معنے ایسی سختی کے ہوتے ہیں‘ جس میں کوئی چیز گُھس نہ سکے۔ پس اس آیت میں بتایا گیا ہے کہ کفار کا کوئی اثر قبول نہ کر۔ اس کے یہ معنے نہیں کہ ان کے کفر کی باتیں قبول نہ کر۔ کیونکہ ان کا قبول کرنا تو رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے لئے ناممکن تھا۔ اثر قبول کرنے سے یہی مراد ہو سکتا ہے کہ اگر کسی وقت وہ حملہ کریں تو دل میں یہ خیال نہ کر کہ ایسا نہ ہو کہ اسلامی ملک کو یہ نقصان پہنچائیں یا اسلام کی ترقی میں روک بن جائیں۔ کیونکہ ان کو ہم نے اپنے قابو میں کیا ہوا ہے اور تیرے قابو میں بھی کر دیا ہے اور ان کے لئے تباہی مقدر ہے۔ پس یہ ممکن ہی نہیں کہ اگر عارضی طور پر ان
No advance is possible unless the disbelievers and the Hypocrites are strenuously striven against. Incidentally, the verse explains the real significance of Jihad which means, 'striving hard.' Since the Hypocrites were regarded as part of the Muslim Community, Jihad in the sense of fighting with the sword was never waged against them.
Commentary:
Whereas, in the preceding verse it was stated that spiritual progress, not only in this world but in the life after death, is endless, in the verse under comment we are told that no advance is possible unless the disbelievers and the hypocrites are strenuously striven against. Incidentally, the verse explains the real significance of jihad which means, "striving against". Since the hypocrites were regarded as part of the Muslim Community, jihad in the sense of fighting with the sword was never waged against them.
1446
要向不信者和伪信者尽力宣教, 才有可能进展。顺便提一句, 这节经文解说了 جِهَاد (Jihad) 真正的意思是, 因为伪信者被看成是穆斯林社会的一部分, 所以作 “用剑作战” 解的 Jihad 绝不是对他们的。
3
غِلْظَۃٌ کے معنے ایسی سختی کے ہوتے ہیں‘ جس میں کوئی چیز گُھس نہ سکے۔ پس اس آیت میں بتایا گیا ہے کہ کفار کا کوئی اثر قبول نہ کر۔ اس کے یہ معنے نہیں کہ ان کے کفر کی باتیں قبول نہ کر۔ کیونکہ ان کا قبول کرنا تو رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے لئے ناممکن تھا۔ اثر قبول کرنے سے یہی مراد ہو سکتا ہے کہ اگر کسی وقت وہ حملہ کریں تو دل میں یہ خیال نہ کر کہ ایسا نہ ہو کہ اسلامی ملک کو یہ نقصان پہنچائیں یا اسلام کی ترقی میں روک بن جائیں۔ کیونکہ ان کو ہم نے اپنے قابو میں کیا ہوا ہے اور تیرے قابو میں بھی کر دیا ہے اور ان کے لئے تباہی مقدر ہے۔ پس یہ ممکن ہی نہیں کہ اگر عارضی طور پر ان
4285
Commentary:
Whereas, in the preceding verse it was stated that spiritual progress, not only in this world but in the life after death, is endless, in the verse under comment we are told that no advance is possible unless the disbelievers and the hypocrites are strenuously striven against. Incidentally, the verse explains the real significance of jihad which means, "striving against". Since the hypocrites were regarded as part of the Muslim Community, jihad in the sense of fighting with the sword was never waged against them.
3077
No advance is possible unless the disbelievers and the Hypocrites are strenuously striven against. Incidentally, the verse explains the real significance of Jihad which means, 'striving hard.' Since the Hypocrites were regarded as part of the Muslim Community, Jihad in the sense of fighting with the sword was never waged against them.
ضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلًا لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ ٱمْرَأَتَ نُوحٍ وَٱمْرَأَتَ لُوطٍ ۖ كَانَتَا تَحْتَ عَبْدَيْنِ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا صَٰلِحَيْنِ فَخَانَتَاهُمَا فَلَمْ يُغْنِيَا عَنْهُمَا مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيْـًٔا وَقِيلَ ٱدْخُلَا ٱلنَّارَ مَعَ ٱلدَّٰخِلِينَ
قرآن مجید میں تَحْتَ کا لفظ آتا ہے۔ جس کے معنے نیچے کے ہیں۔ مگر عربی محاورہ کے مطابق عورت کے مرد کے ماتحت ہونے کے معنے یہ ہوتے ہیں کہ وہ اس کی بیوی تھی۔ یہ بھی یاد رکھنا چاہیے کہ یہاں قرآن کریم نے یہ نہیں فرمایا کہ کَانَتَا تَحْتَھُمَا وہ ان دونوں کے ماتحت تھیں بلکہ یہ کہا ہے کہ وہ ہمارے دو بندوں کے ماتحت تھیں اور جو خدا کا بندہ ہو وہ کسی قسم کا ظلم نہیں کر سکتا۔ پس ان الفاظ سے بتا دیا ہے کہ گو وہ عورتیں نوحؑ اور لوطؑ کے ماتحت تھیں مگر پھر بھی وہ ماتحتی مجبوری کی نہیں تھی بلکہ ارادت اور عقیدت کی تھی۔
یعنی خداتعالیٰ کا معاملہ ہر انسان سے انفرادی ہوتا ہے۔ اگر کوئی نیک بندہ ہو تو وہ اپنا ہی بوجھ اٹھا سکتا ہے دوسرے کا نہیں اٹھا سکتا۔ بلکہ قرآن کریم میں اللہ تعالیٰ فرماتا ہے کہ اگر محمد رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی بیویاں کوئی بدی کریں گی تو ان کو دُگنا عذاب ملے گا۔ (احزاب: ۳۱) پس نیک آدمی کی بیوی بننے سے عورت کسی رعایت کی مستحق نہیں ہوتی بلکہ اس کی ذ مّہ واری بڑھ جاتی ہے۔
The disbelievers are compared to the wives of Noah and Lot in order to show that the companionship of a righteous man, even a Prophet of God, does not benefit an evilly-inclined person who is bent upon rejecting truth. The wife of Pharaoh represents those believers, who though passionately desiring and praying to get rid of sin, cannot fully dissociate themselves from evil influences which are represented by Pharaoh, and having arrived at the stage of the "self-accusing soul" sometimes fail and falter. Mary, the mother of Jesus, represents those righteous servants of God who, having closed all avenues of sin and having made peace with God, are blessed with Divine inspiration; the pronoun hi in fihi standing for such fortunate believers. Or, the pronoun may stand for Farj which, literally meaning a cleft or fissure, signifies an opening through which sin can find access.
1
قرآن مجید میں تَحْتَ کا لفظ آتا ہے۔ جس کے معنے نیچے کے ہیں۔ مگر عربی محاورہ کے مطابق عورت کے مرد کے ماتحت ہونے کے معنے یہ ہوتے ہیں کہ وہ اس کی بیوی تھی۔ یہ بھی یاد رکھنا چاہیے کہ یہاں قرآن کریم نے یہ نہیں فرمایا کہ کَانَتَا تَحْتَھُمَا وہ ان دونوں کے ماتحت تھیں بلکہ یہ کہا ہے کہ وہ ہمارے دو بندوں کے ماتحت تھیں اور جو خدا کا بندہ ہو وہ کسی قسم کا ظلم نہیں کر سکتا۔ پس ان الفاظ سے بتا دیا ہے کہ گو وہ عورتیں نوحؑ اور لوطؑ کے ماتحت تھیں مگر پھر بھی وہ ماتحتی مجبوری کی نہیں تھی بلکہ ارادت اور عقیدت کی تھی۔
2
یعنی خداتعالیٰ کا معاملہ ہر انسان سے انفرادی ہوتا ہے۔ اگر کوئی نیک بندہ ہو تو وہ اپنا ہی بوجھ اٹھا سکتا ہے دوسرے کا نہیں اٹھا سکتا۔ بلکہ قرآن کریم میں اللہ تعالیٰ فرماتا ہے کہ اگر محمد رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی بیویاں کوئی بدی کریں گی تو ان کو دُگنا عذاب ملے گا۔ (احزاب: ۳۱) پس نیک آدمی کی بیوی بننے سے عورت کسی رعایت کی مستحق نہیں ہوتی بلکہ اس کی ذ مّہ واری بڑھ جاتی ہے۔
3078
The disbelievers are compared to the wives of Noah and Lot in order to show that the companionship of a righteous man, even a Prophet of God, does not benefit an evilly-inclined person who is bent upon rejecting truth. The wife of Pharaoh represents those believers, who though passionately desiring and praying to get rid of sin, cannot fully dissociate themselves from evil influences which are represented by Pharaoh, and having arrived at the stage of the "self-accusing soul" sometimes fail and falter. Mary, the mother of Jesus, represents those righteous servants of God who, having closed all avenues of sin and having made peace with God, are blessed with Divine inspiration; the pronoun hi in fihi standing for such fortunate believers. Or, the pronoun may stand for Farj which, literally meaning a cleft or fissure, signifies an opening through which sin can find access.
وَضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلًا لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱمْرَأَتَ فِرْعَوْنَ إِذْ قَالَتْ رَبِّ ٱبْنِ لِى عِندَكَ بَيْتًا فِى ٱلْجَنَّةِ وَنَجِّنِى مِن فِرْعَوْنَ وَعَمَلِهِۦ وَنَجِّنِى مِنَ ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
وَمَرْيَمَ ٱبْنَتَ عِمْرَٰنَ ٱلَّتِىٓ أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا فَنَفَخْنَا فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِنَا وَصَدَّقَتْ بِكَلِمَٰتِ رَبِّهَا وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَكَانَتْ مِنَ ٱلْقَٰنِتِينَ
21:92.
لوگ اعتراض کرتے ہیں کہ عمران تو موسٰیؑ کے والد تھے‘ اور حضرت مریمؑ اُن سے ڈیڑھ ہزار سال بعد پیدا ہوئی تھیں۔ معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ قرآنِ کریم کے بھیجنے والے کو تاریخ کا بھی علم نہیں تھا‘ مگر یہ اعتراض بے عقلی پر دلالت کرتا ہے۔ رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے سامنے خود اسی قسم کا اعتراض کیا گیا تھا اور آپ نے فرمایا تھا کہ یہ کوئی عجیب بات نہیں۔ ہر قوم میں یہ رواج ہے کہ اپنے بڑے آدمیوں کا نام تبرک کے طور پر رکھتے ہیں۔ پس مریم کے باپ کابھی اگر اس کے باپ نے تبرک کے طور پر عمران نام رکھ دیا ہو تواس میں تعجب کی کونسی بات ہے۔
لوگ کہتے ہیں کہ مسیحؑ روح ہے کیونکہ وہ مریمؑ کے پیٹ میں ڈالا گیا تھا۔ لیکن یہ نا سمجھی کی بات ہے روح کے معنے جیسا کہ ہم پہلے سے لکھ چکے ہیں کلام کے بھی ہوتے ہیں۔ پس اس کے محض یہ معنے ہیں کہ ہم نے مریمؑ پر اپنا کلام نازل کیا تھا اور اس کو الہام کے ذریعہ سے مسیحؑ کی پیدائش کی خبر دی تھی۔
یعنی اس بات پر ایمان لائی تھی کہ واقعہ میں مجھے خداتعالیٰ کی طرف سے ایک بیٹا دیا جانے والا ہے۔
یعنی مسیحؑ کے متعلق جو پیشگوئیاں پرانی کتابوں میں پائی جاتی تھیں‘ مریمؑ صرف اپنی وحی کے ذریعہ سے ان پر ایمان نہیں لائی‘ بلکہ ان کتابوں کی پیشگوئیوں کے ذریعہ بھی ایمان لائی۔
کَانَتْ کا صیغہ مؤنث کا ہے مگر مِنَ الْقٰنِتِیْنَ میں قَانِتٌ مذکر آیا ہے۔ جس کے معنے یہ بنتے ہیں کہ وہ عورت ذات فرمانبرداروں میں شامل ہوگئی۔ یعنی اس کو ترقی دیتے دیتے اللہ تعالیٰ نے وہ مقام دے دیا‘ جو کامل مردوں کو حاصل ہوتا ہے یہ ایک پیشگوئی تھی کہ آئندہ زمانہ میں خداتعالیٰ کی طرف سے ایک ایسا آدمی ظاہر ہوگا جس کو پہلے مریم کا نام دیا جائے گا اور پھر ترقی کرتے کرتے اس کو عیسیٰ کا نام دیا جائے گا۔ جو مرد کامل تھا۔
21:92.
Commentary:
In this and the preceding two verses, examples of the wives of the Prophets Noah and Lot, of the wife of Pharaoh, and the example of Mary, the mother of Jesus, are set forth. The disbelievers are compared to the wives of Noah and Lot in order to show that the companionship of a righteous man, even of a Prophet of God, does not benefit an evilly minded person who is bent upon rejecting truth. Prophet Noah’s wife was of a more wicked disposition than the wife of Lot since the latter only preferred the company of her relatives to that of Lot, while Noah’s son, probably under the corrupting influence of his mother, had rejected his father’s Message. The wife of Pharaoh stands for those believers who, though passionately desiring and praying to get rid of sin, yet cannot fully dissociate themselves from evil influences, represented by Pharaoh, and having arrived at the stage of the self-accusing soul (النفس اللوامة ) sometimes fail and falter. Mary, the mother of Jesus, represents those righteous servants of God, who having closed all avenues of sin and having made peace with God, are blessed with Divine inspiration; the pronoun (masculine gender) in فیه standing for such fortunate believers. Or, the pronoun may stand for فرج which, literally meaning a cleft or fissure, signifies an opening through which sin can find access.
a
21:92.
1
لوگ اعتراض کرتے ہیں کہ عمران تو موسٰیؑ کے والد تھے‘ اور حضرت مریمؑ اُن سے ڈیڑھ ہزار سال بعد پیدا ہوئی تھیں۔ معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ قرآنِ کریم کے بھیجنے والے کو تاریخ کا بھی علم نہیں تھا‘ مگر یہ اعتراض بے عقلی پر دلالت کرتا ہے۔ رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے سامنے خود اسی قسم کا اعتراض کیا گیا تھا اور آپ نے فرمایا تھا کہ یہ کوئی عجیب بات نہیں۔ ہر قوم میں یہ رواج ہے کہ اپنے بڑے آدمیوں کا نام تبرک کے طور پر رکھتے ہیں۔ پس مریم کے باپ کابھی اگر اس کے باپ نے تبرک کے طور پر عمران نام رکھ دیا ہو تواس میں تعجب کی کونسی بات ہے۔
2
لوگ کہتے ہیں کہ مسیحؑ روح ہے کیونکہ وہ مریمؑ کے پیٹ میں ڈالا گیا تھا۔ لیکن یہ نا سمجھی کی بات ہے روح کے معنے جیسا کہ ہم پہلے سے لکھ چکے ہیں کلام کے بھی ہوتے ہیں۔ پس اس کے محض یہ معنے ہیں کہ ہم نے مریمؑ پر اپنا کلام نازل کیا تھا اور اس کو الہام کے ذریعہ سے مسیحؑ کی پیدائش کی خبر دی تھی۔
3
یعنی اس بات پر ایمان لائی تھی کہ واقعہ میں مجھے خداتعالیٰ کی طرف سے ایک بیٹا دیا جانے والا ہے۔
4
یعنی مسیحؑ کے متعلق جو پیشگوئیاں پرانی کتابوں میں پائی جاتی تھیں‘ مریمؑ صرف اپنی وحی کے ذریعہ سے ان پر ایمان نہیں لائی‘ بلکہ ان کتابوں کی پیشگوئیوں کے ذریعہ بھی ایمان لائی۔
5
کَانَتْ کا صیغہ مؤنث کا ہے مگر مِنَ الْقٰنِتِیْنَ میں قَانِتٌ مذکر آیا ہے۔ جس کے معنے یہ بنتے ہیں کہ وہ عورت ذات فرمانبرداروں میں شامل ہوگئی۔ یعنی اس کو ترقی دیتے دیتے اللہ تعالیٰ نے وہ مقام دے دیا‘ جو کامل مردوں کو حاصل ہوتا ہے یہ ایک پیشگوئی تھی کہ آئندہ زمانہ میں خداتعالیٰ کی طرف سے ایک ایسا آدمی ظاہر ہوگا جس کو پہلے مریم کا نام دیا جائے گا اور پھر ترقی کرتے کرتے اس کو عیسیٰ کا نام دیا جائے گا۔ جو مرد کامل تھا۔
a
21:92.
4286
Commentary:
In this and the preceding two verses, examples of the wives of the Prophets Noah and Lot, of the wife of Pharaoh, and the example of Mary, the mother of Jesus, are set forth. The disbelievers are compared to the wives of Noah and Lot in order to show that the companionship of a righteous man, even of a Prophet of God, does not benefit an evilly minded person who is bent upon rejecting truth. Prophet Noah’s wife was of a more wicked disposition than the wife of Lot since the latter only preferred the company of her relatives to that of Lot, while Noah’s son, probably under the corrupting influence of his mother, had rejected his father’s Message. The wife of Pharaoh stands for those believers who, though passionately desiring and praying to get rid of sin, yet cannot fully dissociate themselves from evil influences, represented by Pharaoh, and having arrived at the stage of the self-accusing soul (النفس اللوامة ) sometimes fail and falter. Mary, the mother of Jesus, represents those righteous servants of God, who having closed all avenues of sin and having made peace with God, are blessed with Divine inspiration; the pronoun (masculine gender) in فیه standing for such fortunate believers. Or, the pronoun may stand for فرج which, literally meaning a cleft or fissure, signifies an opening through which sin can find access.
a
21:92.
3078
See 3078 under 66:11.