قَوّٰمِیۡنۡ

[1] قَامَ He stood still (Ksh and Bd in ii. 19) in his place. (Ksh.) ― 2-b2- قَامَتِ الدَّابَّةُ The beast stopped (S, K, TA) from journeying, (TA,) from fatigue, or being jaded; (S, TA;) i. q. انقطعت. (A.) And قَامَتْ عَلَيْهِ الدَّابَّةُ His beast, being jaded, stopped with him, and moved not from its place. (Mgh.) ― 2-b3- قَامَ He, or it, stood up, or erect; syn. اِنْتَصَبَ. (K.) And hence, He rose, i. e. from sitting or reclining. ― 2-b4- قَامَ بِاللَّيْلِ He rose in the night to pray. ― 2-b5- قَامَ رَمَضَانَ He passed the nights of Ramadán in prayer: (El-'Alkarnee in a marginal note in a copy of the Jámi' es-Sagheer, voce مَنْ:) or he performed the prayers [of Ramadán] called التَّرَاوِيح. (En-Nawawee, ibid.) ― 2-b6- قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ The people rose to prayer: or the time of their doing so came. (TA.) ― 2-b7- قَامَتِ السَّاعَةُ The resurrection, or the time thereof, came to pass. ― 2-b8- قَامَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَكَادَ الظِّلُّ يَعْقِلُ [The sun became high, and the shade almost disappeared, at midday]. (JK.) ― 2-b9- قَامَ عَلَيْهِ He rose up against him: see a verse cited voce حُوبٌ. ― 2-b10- قَامَ بِالأَمْرِ He undertook the affair; took, or imposed, it upon himself; syn. تَكَفَّلَ بِهِ; and the epithet is قَائِمٌ and قَيِّمٌ: (Ham, p. 5:) [and] he managed, conducted, ordered, regulated, or superintended, the affair; syn. سَاسَهُ; (TA in art. سوس;) and قام عَلَيْهِ has this latter signification; and he tended, or took care of, it, or him; syn. سَاسَهُ and وَلِيَهُ: (Ham ubi supra:) [and] the former signifies he attended to the affair; [occupied himself with it]; (this should be the first explanation;) was mindful of it; kept to it constantly, or steadily; and is contr. of قَعَدَ عَنْهُ and تَقَاعَدَ: (JM, q. v.:) [or,] as contr. of قعد عنه and تقاعد, he acted vigorously in the affair; as also ↓ أَقَامَهُ; syn. جَدَّ فِيهِ, and تَجَلَّدَ. (Bd in ii. 2.) ― 2-b11- You say, قَامَ بِشَأْنِهِ He undertook, or superintended, or managed, his affair, or affairs. And you say, قَامَ بِاليَتِيمِ, (Msb in art. عول,) and بِالصَّبِىِّ, (Idem, art. كفل,) He maintained the orphan, and the child; syn. عَالَهُ, and كَفَلَهُ: (Idem:) and قَامَ المَرْأَةَ, and عَلَيْهَا, He undertook the maintenance of the woman; or he maintained her; (مَانَهَا [i. e. قَامَ بِكِفَايَتِهَا (S and K in art. مون)];) and undertook, or managed, her affair, or affairs. (K.) And الرِّجَالُ يَقُومُونَ عَلَى النِّسَآءِ The men govern the women: (Bd, iv. 38:) or are mindful of them, and act well to them, or take care of them. (TA.) ― 2-b12- قامَ بِعُذْرِى [He undertook, and it served, to excuse me]. (Msb and TA in art. عذر; &c.) ― 2-b13- قَامَ بِهِ He, or it, was supported, or sustained, by it; subsisted by it: see the explanation of قَِوَامٌ in the Msb. ― 2-b14- قَامَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا It cost him such a thing, such a sum, or so much. ― 2-b15- قَامَ often signifies ثَبَتَ: so in قَامَ فِى نَفْسِهِ أَنَّهُ كَذَا It was, or became, established in his mind that it was so. ― 2-b16- قَامَ بِهِ قِيَامًا تَامًّا He managed it perfectly. ― 2-b17- قَامَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا He began to do such a thing; he betook himself to doing such a thing. (Zj, in TA, art. قدم.) ― 2-b18- قَامَ المَآءُ (assumed tropical:) The water congealed, or froze; syn. جَمَدَ. (S, M, voce جَمَدَ.) ― 2-b19- قَامَتْ عَيْنُهُ: see عَيْنٌ قَائِمَةٌ. ― 2-b20- قَامَ قَائِمُ الظَّهِيرَةِ: see ظَهِيرَة: there expl. from JK. ― 2-b21- قَامَ وَقَعَدَ: see قَعَدَ; and أَقْعَدَهُ; and see an ex. voce سُدَّةٌ. ― 2-b22- قَامَ has also for an inf. n. مَقَامٌ, agreeably with a general rule: see Bd in x. 72, &c.; and see مَرَامٌ in art. روم.