Stem رُشۡدًا - Quranic Morphology

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

And prove the orphans until they attain the age of marriage; then, if you find in them sound judgment, deliver to them their property; and devour it not in extravagance and haste against their growing up. And whoso is rich, let him abstain; and whoso is poor, let him eat thereof with equity. And when you deliver to them their property, then call witnesses in their presence. And Allah is sufficient as a Reckoner.

اردو ترجمہ مرزا طاہر احمد خلیفة المسیح الرابعؒ

اور یتیموں کو آزماتے رہو یہاں تک کہ وہ نکاح (کی عمر) کو پہنچ جائیں۔ پس اگر تم ان میں عقل (کے آثار) محسوس کرو تو ان کے اموال ان کو واپس کر دو۔ اور اس ڈر سے اِسراف اور تیزی کے ساتھ اُن کو نہ کھاؤ کہ کہیں وہ بڑے نہ ہو جائیں۔ اور جو امیر ہو تو چاہئے کہ وہ (ان کا مال کھانے سے) کلیۃً احتراز کرے۔ ہاں جو غریب ہو تو وہ مناسب طریق پر کھائے۔ پھر جب تم ان کی طرف اُن کے اموال لوٹاؤ تو اُن پر گواہ ٹھہرا لیا کرو۔ اور اللہ حساب لینے کے لئے کافی ہے۔

French

Et mettez à l’épreuve l’entendement des orphelins jusqu’à ce qu’ils soient en âge de se marier ; ensuite, si vous trouvez chez eux un jugement sain, remettez-leur leurs biens ; et ne les gaspillez pas à la hâte de façon extravagante de peur qu’ils ne soient en âge de les recevoir. Que celui qui est riche s’abstienne, et que celui qui est pauvre en prélève seulement ce qui est raisonnable. Et lorsque vous leur remettrez leurs biens, prenez des témoins en leur présence. Et Allāh suffit comme Comptable.

German

Und prüfet die Waisen, bis sie das heiratsfähige (Alter) erreicht haben; wenn ihr dann an ihnen Verständigkeit wahrnehmet, so gebt ihnen ihren Besitz zurück; und zehrt ihn nicht verschwenderisch und hastig auf, weil sie großjährig würden. Wer reich ist, enthalte sich ganz; und wer arm ist, zehre (davon) nach Billigkeit. Und wenn ihr ihnen ihren Besitz zurückgebt, dann nehmt Zeugen in ihrer Gegenwart. Und Allah genügt zur Rechenschaft.

Chinese

要经常考验孤儿 (的理解能力), 直到他们达到婚姻年龄。当发现他们有了 (处理产财的) 能力时, 便当把他们的财产归还他们;不要因为怕他们长大, 而浪费、迅速地吞食他们的财产。富裕的人, 应当完全避免 (使用这项财产), 贫穷的人应当适当地使用它。当你们把他们的财产归还他们时, 应当请人在他们之前作证。安拉作为计算者, 就够了。

Italian

E mettete alle prova il giudizio degli orfani, fino a che non abbiano raggiunto l'età del matrimonio. Allora, se trovate sicuro il loro giudizio, consegnate loro i loro beni; e non dilapidateli per stravaganza o avventatezza nella paura che raggiungano la maturità. E chi è ricco se ne astenga; e chi è povero ne usi equamente per sostentarsi. Quando poi consegnate loro i loro beni, prendete dei testimoni in loro presenza. E Allah è sufficiente per la rendicontazione.

Spanish

Y probad el entendimiento de los huérfanos hasta que alcancen la edad del matrimonio; entonces, si los encontráis de sano juicio, entregadles sus bienes; y no los gastéis en extravagancias y deprisa antes de que ellos crezcan; quien sea rico que se abstenga; y el pobre que tome de ellos con moderación. Mas cuando les entreguéis sus bienes, llamad a unos testigos ante ellos. Y Al-lah es suficiente como Juez.

اردو تفسیرِ صغیر

اور یتیموں کی آزمائش اس وقت تک کہ وہ شادی (کی عمر) کو پہنچ جائیں کرتے رہو۔ پھر اگر تم ان میں سمجھ (کے آثار) دیکھو تو ان کے مال انہیں واپس دے دو۔ اور ان کے جوان ہو جانے (کے خوف) سے ان (مالوں) کو ناجائز طور پر اور جلدی (جلدی) نہ کھا جاؤ اور جو کوئی مال دار ہو اسے چاہیے کہ وہ (اس مال کے استعمال سے) کلی طور پر اجتناب کرے۔ لیکن جو نادار ہو وہ مناسب طور پر (اس مال میں سے) کھائے۔ پھر جب تم انہیں ان کے مال واپس دو تو ان (یتامی) کے روبرو گواہ مقرر کرلو اور اللہ حساب لینے کے لحاظ سے (اکیلا) کافی ہے۔

English - Short Commentary Translation

And test the understanding of the orphans until they attain the age of marriage, then, if you perceive in them mature judgment,[567] deliver to them their property; and devour it not in extravagance and haste against their growing up.[568] And whoso is rich, let him abstain; and whoso is poor, let him eat thereof with equity. And when you deliver to them their property, then call witnesses in their presence.[569] And Allah is sufficient as a Reckoner.

English - Five Volume Translation

And prove the orphans until they attain the age of marriage; then, if you find in them sound judgement, deliver to them their property; and devour it not in extravagance and haste against their growing up. And whoso is rich, let him abstain; and whoso is poor, let him eat thereof with equity. And when you deliver to them their property, then call witnesses in their presence. And Allah is sufficient as a Reckoner.[489]

Commentary:

Guardians of orphans are enjoined to continue to test them so that if, after having reached the age of puberty, which according to some authorities is 18 years, and according to others 21, they are found to be capable of taking charge of their property, it should be handed over to them. But in no circumstances is it to be made over to them before puberty is attained and before they are so mature of intellect as to take care of and manage their property. If even at the mature age of 18 or 21, they are found to be incapable of managing their property, it may be withheld from them for a further period, with the sanction of the State.

The verse also warns guardians not to squander away in haste the money of their wards before they are old enough to take charge of it. The guardian is, however, allowed a reasonable wage, if he is poor, which should be in proportion to the amount of work he does and to the value of the ward’s property.

But if the guardian is a person of ample means, he should take nothing out of the orphan’s property. In that case, his should be a labour of love, done in hope of reward from God. This verse is not a repetition, but an explanation of 4:3 which contains a prohibitory injunction for such guardians as possess sufficient income with the addition that it allows a certain remuneration for guardians of meagre means.

The words, when you deliver to them their property, then take witnesses in their presence, have been added as a safeguard against all possible frauds as well as misunderstanding. The property should be handed over to the wards in the presence of reliable witnesses when both the wards and the witnesses are present, as the word "presence" hints.

The verse ends with a stern warning in the words, Allah is sufficient as a Reckoner. So all concerned should fear the All-Seeing and All-Knowing God. Indeed, the fear of being called to account before God is the only true basis of all righteousness and the real and most effective preventive against sin and iniquity. One should fear not only the punishment of God, but also losing His love and mercy.

اردو ترجمہ مودودی

اور یتیموں کی آزمائش کرتے رہو یہاں تک کہ وہ نکاح کے قابل عمر کو پہنچ جائیں پھر اگر تم اُن کے اندر اہلیت پاؤ تو اُن کے مال اُن کے حوالے کر دو ایسا کبھی نہ کرنا کہ حد انصاف سے تجاوز کر کے اِس خوف سے اُن کے مال جلدی جلدی کھا جاؤ کہ وہ بڑے ہو کر اپنے حق کا مطالبہ کریں گے یتیم کا جو سرپرست مال دار ہو وہ پرہیز گاری سے کام لے اور جو غریب ہو وہ معروف طریقہ سے کھائے پھر جب اُن کے مال اُن کے حوالے کرنے لگو تو لوگوں کو اس پر گواہ بنا لو، اور حساب لینے کے لیے اللہ کافی ہے

English - Sahih

And test the orphans [in their abilities] until they reach marriageable age. Then if you perceive in them sound judgement, release their property to them. And do not consume it excessively and quickly, [anticipating] that they will grow up. And whoever, [when acting as guardian], is self-sufficient should refrain [from taking a fee]; and whoever is poor - let him take according to what is acceptable. Then when you release their property to them, bring witnesses upon them. And sufficient is Allah as Accountant.

اردو ترجمہ احمد علی

اور یتیموں کی آزمائش کرتے رہو یہاں تک کہ وہ نکاح کی عمر کو پہنچ جائیں پھر اگر ان میں ہوشیاری دیکھو تو ان کے مال ان کے حوالے کر دو اور انصاف کی حد سے تجاوز کر کے یتیموں کا مال نہ کھا جاؤ اور ان کے بڑے ہونے کے ڈر سے ان کا مال جلدی نہ کھاؤ اور جسے ضرورت نہ ہو تو وہ یتیم کے مال سے بچے او رجو حاجت مند ہو تو مناسب مقدار کھالے پھر جب ان کے مال ان کے حوالے کر و تو اس پر گواہ بنا لو اور حساب لینے کے لیے الله کافی ہے

English - Talal Itani

And test the orphans until [when] they reach[ed] (the age of) marriage, then if you perceive in them sound judgement then deliver to them their wealth. And (do) not eat it extravagantly and hastily (fearing) that they will grow up. And whoever is rich then he should refrain, and whoever is poor then let him eat (of it) in a fair manner. Then when you deliver to them their wealth then take witnesses on them. And is sufficient Allah (as) a Reckoner.

Chinese Commentary ^*

اردہ تفصیرِ صغیر نوٹس ^*

English - Arberry

Test well the orphans, until they reach the age of marrying; then, if you perceive in them right judgment, deliver to them their property; consume it not wastefully and hastily ere they are grown. If any man is rich, let him be abstinent; if poor, let him consume in reason. And when you deliver to them their property, take witnesses over them; God suffices for a reckoner.

English - Maududi

Test the orphans until they reach the age of marriage, and then if you find them mature of mind hand over to them their property, and do not eat it up by either spending extravagantly or in haste, fearing that they would grow up (and claim it). If the guardian of the orphan is rich let him abstain entirely (from his ward's property); and if he is poor, let him partake of it in a fair measure. When you hand over their property to them let there be witnesses on their behalf. Allah is sufficient to take account (of your deeds).

English - Ahmed Ali

And test (and try) the orphans until they are of marriageable age. If you find they have acquired sound judgement, then hand over their property to them; but devour not their wealth, nor use it up hastily out of fear that soon they will grow up (and demand it). And (the guardian) who is rich should abstain from spending much (of their wealth); and he who is poor should use only as much as is fair. And when you give back their possessions have this witnessed, (and remember) that God is sufficient to take all account.

English - Yusuf Ali

Make trial of orphans until they reach the age of marriage; if then ye find sound judgment in them, release their property to them; but consume it not wastefully, nor in haste against their growing up. If the guardian is well-off, Let him claim no remuneration, but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable. When ye release their property to them, take witnesses in their presence: But all-sufficient is Allah in taking account.

English - Five Volume Commentary ^*

489

Commentary:

Guardians of orphans are enjoined to continue to test them so that if, after having reached the age of puberty, which according to some authorities is 18 years, and according to others 21, they are found to be capable of taking charge of their property, it should be handed over to them. But in no circumstances is it to be made over to them before puberty is attained and before they are so mature of intellect as to take care of and manage their property. If even at the mature age of 18 or 21, they are found to be incapable of managing their property, it may be withheld from them for a further period, with the sanction of the State.

The verse also warns guardians not to squander away in haste the money of their wards before they are old enough to take charge of it. The guardian is, however, allowed a reasonable wage, if he is poor, which should be in proportion to the amount of work he does and to the value of the ward’s property.

But if the guardian is a person of ample means, he should take nothing out of the orphan’s property. In that case, his should be a labour of love, done in hope of reward from God. This verse is not a repetition, but an explanation of 4:3 which contains a prohibitory injunction for such guardians as possess sufficient income with the addition that it allows a certain remuneration for guardians of meagre means.

The words, when you deliver to them their property, then take witnesses in their presence, have been added as a safeguard against all possible frauds as well as misunderstanding. The property should be handed over to the wards in the presence of reliable witnesses when both the wards and the witnesses are present, as the word "presence" hints.

The verse ends with a stern warning in the words, Allah is sufficient as a Reckoner. So all concerned should fear the All-Seeing and All-Knowing God. Indeed, the fear of being called to account before God is the only true basis of all righteousness and the real and most effective preventive against sin and iniquity. One should fear not only the punishment of God, but also losing His love and mercy.

English - Short Commentary Notes ^*

567

Under no circumstances should the property of the orphans be made over to them before they attain puberty and are so mature of intellect as to take care of and properly manage it.

568

The verse also warns guardians not to squander away in haste the money of their wards before they are old enough to take charge of it. The guardian, if he is poor, is, however, allowed a reasonable wage, which should be in proportion to the amount of work he does and to the value of the ward’s property.

569

The property should be handed over to the wards in the presence of reliable witnesses as the word "presence" hints.

English - Pickthall

Prove orphans till they reach the marriageable age; then, if ye find them of sound judgment, deliver over unto them their fortune; and devour it not by squandering and in haste lest they should grow up Whoso (of the guardians) is rich, let him abstain generously (from taking of the property of orphans); and whoso is poor let him take thereof in reason (for his guardianship). And when ye deliver up their fortune unto orphans, have (the transaction) witnessed in their presence. Allah sufficeth as a Reckoner.

English - Muhammad Ali ^ra

And test the orphans until they reach the age of marriage. Then if you find in them maturity of intellect, make over to them their property, and consume it not extravagantly and hastily against their growing up. And whoever is rich, let him abstain, and whoever is poor let him consume reasonably. And when you make over to them their property, call witnesses in their presence. And Allah is enough as a Reckoner.

English - Sir Muhammad Zafrullah Khan ^ra

Check up on the orphans till they attain the age of marriage; then if you find them sensible hand over their property to them, and consume it not in extravagance and haste against their growing up. Whoso is rich let him abstain altogether; and whoso is poor, let him make use of as much as is fair. When you hand over their property to them, call witnesses in their presence. Allah is Sufficient as a Reckoner.

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