Stem يَدْعُوٓا۟ - Quranic Morphology

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

And marry not idolatrous women until they believe; even a believing bond-woman is better than an idolatress, although she may highly please you. And give not believing women in marriage to idolaters until they believe; even a believing slave is better than an idolater, although he may highly please you. These call to the Fire, but Allah calls to Heaven and to forgiveness by His command. And He makes His Signs clear to the people that they may remember.

اردو ترجمہ مرزا طاہر احمد خلیفة المسیح الرابعؒ

اور مشرک عورتوں سے نکاح نہ کرو یہاں تک کہ وہ ایمان لے آئیں۔ اور یقیناً ایک مومن لونڈی، ایک (آزاد) مُشرکہ سے بہتر ہے خواہ وہ تمہیں کیسی ہی پسند آئے۔ اور مُشرک مَردوں سے (اپنی لڑکیوں کو) نہ بیاہا کرو یہاں تک کہ وہ ایمان لے آئیں۔اور یقیناً ایک مومن غلام، ایک (آزاد) مشرک سے بہتر ہے خواہ وہ تمہیں کیسا ہی پسند آئے۔ یہ وہ لوگ ہیں جو آگ کی طرف بلاتے ہیں اور اللہ اپنے اِذن سے (تمہیں) جنت کی طرف اور بخشش کی طرف بلا رہا ہے۔ اور وہ لوگوں کے لئے اپنے نشانات کھول کھول کر بیان کرتا ہے تاکہ وہ نصیحت پکڑیں۔

French

Et n’épousez pas les femmes idolâtres avant qu’elles ne soient devenues croyantes ; même une esclave croyante vaut mieux qu’une idolâtre, quand bien même celle-ci vous plairait beaucoup. Et ne donnez pas en mariage des croyantes aux idolâtres avant que ceux-ci ne deviennent croyants ; même un esclave croyant vaut mieux qu’un idolâtre, quand bien même celui-ci vous plairait beaucoup. Ceux-là vous appellent au Feu tandis qu’Allāh, par Son commandement, vous appelle au Paradis et au pardon. Et Il fait clairement comprendre Ses Signes aux hommes afin qu’ils se souviennent.

German

Und heiratet nicht Götzendienerinnen, ehe sie gläubig geworden; selbst eine gläubige Sklavin ist besser als eine Götzendienerin, so sehr diese euch gefallen mag. Und verheiratet (keine gläubigen Frauen) mit Götzendienern, ehe sie gläubig geworden; selbst ein gläubiger Sklave ist besser als ein Götzendiener, so sehr dieser euch gefallen mag. Jene rufen zum Feuer, Allah aber ruft zum Paradies und zur Vergebung durch Sein Gebot. Und Er macht Seine Zeichen den Menschen klar, auf dass sie sich ermahnen lassen.

Chinese

在多神教女子尚未信仰 (伊斯兰教) 时, 你们[b]莫与她们结婚;即使一个多神教的女子使你们非常喜欢, 而一个信仰的婢女一定还是比她好; 在多神教的男子信仰之前, 你们不要把信仰的女子嫁给他们, 即使一个多神教的男子使你们非常喜欢, 而一个信仰的奴隶一定还是比他好。他们招呼 (你们) 进入火狱, 安拉按照自己的旨意呼唤 (你们) 获得天园和宽恕。他向人们叙述自己的征象, 以便他们领受劝导。

Italian

E non sposate donne idolatre, finché non credono; persino una schiava credente è migliore di una donna idolatra, per quanto questa possa piacervi. E non date donne credenti in matrimonio a idolatri, finché essi non crederanno; persino uno schiavo credente è migliore di un idolatra, per quanto questi possa piacervi. Costoro vi incitano verso il fuoco, mentre Allah per Sua volontà chiama al Paradiso e al perdono. Ed Egli rende i Suoi segni chiari agli uomini, perché se ne ricordino.

Spanish

Y no os caséis con mujeres idólatras mientras no crean. Incluso una esclava creyente es mejor que una idólatra, aunque ésta os agrademucho. Y no entreguéis en matrimonio vuestras mujeres creyentes a los idólatras mientras éstos no crean; incluso un esclavo creyente es mejor que un idólatra, aunque éste os agrade mucho. Éstos invitan al Fuego, mientras que Al-lah invita al Cielo y al perdón con Su mandamiento. Y Él clarifica Sus Signos a los hombres, para que recuerden.

اردو تفسیرِ صغیر

اور تم مشرک عورتوں سے جب تک وہ ایمان نہ لے آئیں نکاح نہ کرو۔ اور ایک مومن لونڈی ایک مشرک عورت سے خواہ تمہیں (کتنی ہی) پسند ہو یقیناً بہتر ہے[1]۔ اور مشرکوں سے جب تک وہ ایمان نہ لے آئیں (مسلمان عورتیں) مت بیاہو۔ اور ایک مومن غلام ایک مشرک (آزاد) سے (بھی) خواہ وہ تمہیں (کتنا ہی) پسند ہو یقیناً بہتر ہے[2]۔ یہ لوگ (تو) آگ کی طرف بلاتے ہیں اور اللہ اپنے حکم کے ذریعہ سے جنت اور مغفرت کی طرف بلاتا ہے اور لوگوں کے لئے اپنی (معرفت کی) علامات کھول (کھول) کر بیان کرتا ہے تا کہ وہ نصیحت حاصل کریں۔

English - Short Commentary Translation

And [b]marry not idolatrous women until they believe; even a believing bondwoman is better than an idolatress, although she may please you. And give not believing women in marriage to idolaters until they believe; even a believing slave is better than an idolater, although he may please you.[267] These call to the Fire, but Allah calls to Heaven and to forgiveness by His Will. And He makes His Signs clear to the people that they may remember.

English - Five Volume Translation

And [a]marry not idolatrous women until they believe; even a believing bond-woman is better than an idolatress, although she may highly please you. And give not believing women in marriage to idolaters until they believe; even a believing slave is better than an idolater, although he may highly please you. These call to the Fire, but Allah calls to Heaven and to forgiveness by His command. And He makes His Signs clear to the people that they may remember.[228]

60:11.

Important Words:

تنکحوا––tankihu (marry) and تنکحوا––tunkihu (give in marriage) are both derived from نکح. They say نکح المطرالارض i.e. the rain fell on the earth and became mixed with the soil. نکح امرأة means, he married a woman. نکح زوجته means, he went in unto his wife. نکح المرأة امرء means, the woman married a man. انکح المرأة زیدا means, he gave the woman in marriage to Zaid. Thus نکاح means, both (1) marriage and (2) coition with one’s wife. The Quran itself uses the word in the latter sense in 2:231 (Aqrab & Mufradat).

مشرك (an idolater) is derived from شرك. They say شرکه فیه meaning, he shared the thing with him; he became his co-partner in it. اشرکه فی الامر means, he made him his co-partner in the affair. اشرك الیه means, he attributed to, or set up with, him a co-partner. شریك means, a sharer, or a co-partner, or an associate, or a colleague, Thus مشرك means, one who attributes to, or sets up with, God a co-partner or co-partners, allotting to the latter all or some of the attributes of the former. شرك means, attributing to, or setting up with, God co-partners idolatry (Lane). شرك is of two kinds: شرك عظیم (the greater idolatry) signifying belief in a person or thing as being co-partner with God, and شرك صغیر (the lesser idolatry), i.e. ascribing to some person or thing any of the attributes of God without looking upon him or it as His co-partner (Mufradat). Other relevant terms are شرك جلی i.e. manifest idolatry, and شرك خفی i.e. hidden idolatry; and شرك فی الذات i.e. believing one to be a co-partner with God in His person, and شرك فی الصفات i.e. ascribing any of the attributes of God to someone. The term مشرکین (idolaters) is generally confined to such peoples as set up co-partners with God and do not believe in any revealed Book.

Commentary:

The question of marriage with "idolatrous women" is intimately connected with the subject of war, for it is during war that Muslims, being away from their homes for a considerable time, are liable to be tempted to contract marriages with such women. This the Quran strictly disallows in the verse under comment, which also forbids the giving of believing women in marriage to idolatrous men. The prohibition is based on religions as well as on moral and social grounds. An idolatrous husband is bound to exercise an extremely baneful influence not only on his wife but on his children as well, whereas an idolatrous wife is sure to ruin the early training of the offspring. Moreover, when a believing man has an idolatrous wife or vice versa, their ideas, beliefs, culture and outlook on life being widely different, there cannot possibly be harmony or concord between the two and their life is sure to become miserable, if they possess any attachment whatever for their religion. Again Islam, (submission to One God) and shirk (setting up partners with God) being poles apart, there can be no real contact or permanent intermixing between the two. In this connection, it may be noted that Islam allows, though it certainly does not encourage, the marriage of a Muslim with a woman belonging to the People of the Book who are decidedly nearer to Islam (5:6). But of this we will speak when we come to the relevant verses.

The words, until they believe, appear to be redundant at first sight; for, if marriage with an idolatrous person is prohibited, it is evident that this prohibition will automatically cease to operate when an idolatrous person converted to Islam. On deeper thought, however, the words, until they believe, prove to be most rightly placed. They have indeed been used to remind Muslims of their duty pertaining to the conversion of idolatrous people to Islam. The words also contain a veiled prophecy that the time was fast coming when idolatry would become extinct in Arabia.

The expression باذنه (by His command) when used with regard to a certain action of God signifies, according to the Quranic idiom, that God has provided or intends to provide extraordinary means for the accomplishment of the thing aimed at. So is the case here, the clause signifying that Allah’s call to Heaven and to forgiveness is not an empty announcement but that He has made special arrangements to bring about the desired end. It is further interesting to note that the word جنة and مغفرة both convey the sense of covering up a thing, the idea being that God’s favours and His forgiveness will be so liberal and so generous as to cover or overwhelm believers.

اردو ترجمہ مودودی

تم مشرک عورتوں سے ہرگز نکاح نہ کرنا، جب تک کہ وہ ایمان نہ لے آئیں ایک مومن لونڈی مشرک شریف زادی سے بہتر ہے، اگرچہ وہ تمہیں بہت پسند ہو اور اپنی عورتوں کے نکاح مشرک مردوں سے کبھی نہ کرنا، جب تک کہ وہ ایمان نہ لے آئیں ایک مومن غلام مشرک شریف سے بہتر ہے اگرچہ وہ تمہیں بہت پسند ہو یہ لوگ تمہیں آگ کی طرف بلاتے ہیں اور اللہ اپنے اذن سے تم کو جنت اور مغفرت کی طرف بلاتا ہے، اور وہ اپنے احکام واضح طور پر لوگوں کے سامنے بیان کرتا ہے، توقع ہے کہ وہ سبق لیں گے اور نصیحت قبول کریں گے

English - Sahih

And do not marry polytheistic women until they believe. And a believing slave woman is better than a polytheist, even though she might please you. And do not marry polytheistic men [to your women] until they believe. And a believing slave is better than a polytheist, even though he might please you. Those invite [you] to the Fire, but Allah invites to Paradise and to forgiveness, by His permission. And He makes clear His verses to the people that perhaps they may remember.

اردو ترجمہ احمد علی

اور مشرک عورتیں جب تک ایمان نہ لائیں ان سے نکاح نہ کرو اورمشرک عورتوں سے ایمان دار لونڈی بہتر ہے گو وہ تمہیں بھلی معلوم ہو اور مشرک مردوں سے نکاح نہ کرو یہاں تک کہ وہ ایمان لائیں اور البتہ مومن غلام مشرک سے بہتر ہے اگرچہ وہ تمہیں اچھا ہی لگے یہ لوگ دوزخ کی طرف بلاتے ہیں اور الله جنت اور بخشش کی طرف اپنے حکم سے بلاتا ہے اور لوگوں کے لیے اپنی آیتیں کھول کر بیان کرتا ہے تاکہ وہ نصیحت حاصل کریں

English - Talal Itani

And (do) not [you] marry [the] polytheistic women until they believe. And a bondwoman (who is) believing (is) better than a polytheistic woman [and] even if she pleases you. And (do) not give in marriage (your women) (to) [the] polytheistic men until they believe, and a bondman (who is) believing (is) better than a polytheistic man [and] even if he pleases you. [Those] they invite to the Fire, and Allah invites to Paradise and [the] forgiveness by His permission. And He makes clear His Verses for the people so that they may take heed.

Chinese Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

b

60:11.

اردہ تفصیرِ صغیر نوٹس ^*

1

کیونکہ وہ جسم اور روح دونوں کے آرام کا خیال رکھ سکتی ہے۔

2

کیونکہ غلام کی اسلام میں تحقیر جائز نہیں اور جب وہ مسلم بھی ہو تو مسلم عورت کے لئے جسمانی اور روحانی طور پر زیادہ مفید ہوگا۔

English - Arberry

Do not marry idolatresses, until they believe; a believing slavegirl is better than an idolatress, though you may admire her. And do not marry idolaters, until they believe. A believing slave is better than an idolater, though you may admire him. Those call unto the Fire; and God calls unto Paradise, and pardon, by His leave, and He makes clear His signs to the people; haply they will remember.

English - Maududi

Do not marry mushrik women unless they believe; a slave woman who believes is better than a free woman who does not believe, even though the latter may appear very attractive to you. (Likewise) do not wed your women to mushrik men unless they believe; a slave man who believes is better than a free man who does not, even though he may be very pleasing to you. These mushrik people invite you to the Fire while Allah by His grace invites you to the Garden and His pardon, and He makes His revelations plain to the people so that they should learn a lesson and follow the admonition.

English - Ahmed Ali

Do not marry idolatrous women unless they join the faith. A maid servant who is a believer is better than an idolatress even though you may like her. And do not marry your daughters to idolaters until they accept the faith. A servant who is a believer is better than an idolater even though you may like him. They invite you to Hell, but God calls you to Paradise and pardon by His grace. And He makes His signs manifest that men may haply take heed.

English - Yusuf Ali

Do not marry unbelieving women (idolaters), until they believe: A slave woman who believes is better than an unbelieving woman, even though she allures you. Nor marry (your girls) to unbelievers until they believe: A man slave who believes is better than an unbeliever, even though he allures you. Unbelievers do (but) beckon you to the Fire. But Allah beckons by His Grace to the Garden (of bliss) and forgiveness, and makes His Signs clear to mankind: That they may celebrate His praise.

English - Five Volume Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

a

60:11.

228

Important Words:

تنکحوا––tankihu (marry) and تنکحوا––tunkihu (give in marriage) are both derived from نکح. They say نکح المطرالارض i.e. the rain fell on the earth and became mixed with the soil. نکح امرأة means, he married a woman. نکح زوجته means, he went in unto his wife. نکح المرأة امرء means, the woman married a man. انکح المرأة زیدا means, he gave the woman in marriage to Zaid. Thus نکاح means, both (1) marriage and (2) coition with one’s wife. The Quran itself uses the word in the latter sense in 2:231 (Aqrab & Mufradat).

مشرك (an idolater) is derived from شرك. They say شرکه فیه meaning, he shared the thing with him; he became his co-partner in it. اشرکه فی الامر means, he made him his co-partner in the affair. اشرك الیه means, he attributed to, or set up with, him a co-partner. شریك means, a sharer, or a co-partner, or an associate, or a colleague, Thus مشرك means, one who attributes to, or sets up with, God a co-partner or co-partners, allotting to the latter all or some of the attributes of the former. شرك means, attributing to, or setting up with, God co-partners idolatry (Lane). شرك is of two kinds: شرك عظیم (the greater idolatry) signifying belief in a person or thing as being co-partner with God, and شرك صغیر (the lesser idolatry), i.e. ascribing to some person or thing any of the attributes of God without looking upon him or it as His co-partner (Mufradat). Other relevant terms are شرك جلی i.e. manifest idolatry, and شرك خفی i.e. hidden idolatry; and شرك فی الذات i.e. believing one to be a co-partner with God in His person, and شرك فی الصفات i.e. ascribing any of the attributes of God to someone. The term مشرکین (idolaters) is generally confined to such peoples as set up co-partners with God and do not believe in any revealed Book.

Commentary:

The question of marriage with "idolatrous women" is intimately connected with the subject of war, for it is during war that Muslims, being away from their homes for a considerable time, are liable to be tempted to contract marriages with such women. This the Quran strictly disallows in the verse under comment, which also forbids the giving of believing women in marriage to idolatrous men. The prohibition is based on religions as well as on moral and social grounds. An idolatrous husband is bound to exercise an extremely baneful influence not only on his wife but on his children as well, whereas an idolatrous wife is sure to ruin the early training of the offspring. Moreover, when a believing man has an idolatrous wife or vice versa, their ideas, beliefs, culture and outlook on life being widely different, there cannot possibly be harmony or concord between the two and their life is sure to become miserable, if they possess any attachment whatever for their religion. Again Islam, (submission to One God) and shirk (setting up partners with God) being poles apart, there can be no real contact or permanent intermixing between the two. In this connection, it may be noted that Islam allows, though it certainly does not encourage, the marriage of a Muslim with a woman belonging to the People of the Book who are decidedly nearer to Islam (5:6). But of this we will speak when we come to the relevant verses.

The words, until they believe, appear to be redundant at first sight; for, if marriage with an idolatrous person is prohibited, it is evident that this prohibition will automatically cease to operate when an idolatrous person converted to Islam. On deeper thought, however, the words, until they believe, prove to be most rightly placed. They have indeed been used to remind Muslims of their duty pertaining to the conversion of idolatrous people to Islam. The words also contain a veiled prophecy that the time was fast coming when idolatry would become extinct in Arabia.

The expression باذنه (by His command) when used with regard to a certain action of God signifies, according to the Quranic idiom, that God has provided or intends to provide extraordinary means for the accomplishment of the thing aimed at. So is the case here, the clause signifying that Allah’s call to Heaven and to forgiveness is not an empty announcement but that He has made special arrangements to bring about the desired end. It is further interesting to note that the word جنة and مغفرة both convey the sense of covering up a thing, the idea being that God’s favours and His forgiveness will be so liberal and so generous as to cover or overwhelm believers.

English - Short Commentary Notes ^*

Cross Refs:

b

60:11.

267

The question of marriage with "idolatrous women" is intimately connected with the subject of war, for it is during war that, being away from their homes for a considerable time, believers are liable to be tempted to contract marriages with such women. This, the Qur’an positively prohibits, as also the giving of believing women in marriage to idolatrous men. The prohibition is based on religious as well as on moral and social grounds. An idolatrous husband is bound to exercise an extremely baneful influence, not only on his wife but also on the children born of this union; and an idolatrous wife is sure to ruin the up-bringing of the offspring. Moreover, when a believing man has an idolatrous wife or vice versa, their ideas, beliefs and outlook on life being widely different, there can possibly exist no harmony or concord between the two and consequently no peace in the family. In Islam slavery carries no stigma of inferiority; and a Muslim bondwoman would in every respect be a better spouse for a Muslim

English - Pickthall

Wed not idolatresses till they believe; for lo! a believing bondwoman is better than an idolatress though she please you; and give not your daughters in marriage to idolaters till they believe, for lo! a believing slave is better than an idolater though he please you. These invite unto the Fire, and Allah inviteth unto the Garden, and unto forgiveness by His grace, and expoundeth His revelations to mankind that haply they may remember.

English - Muhammad Ali ^ra

And marry not the idolatresses until they believe; and certainly a believing maid is better than an idolatress even though she please you. Nor give (believing women) in marriage to idolaters until they believe, and certainly a believing slave is better than an idolater, even though he please you. These invite to the Fire and Allah invited to the Garden and to forgiveness by His will and He makes clear His messages to men that they may be mindful.

English - Sir Muhammad Zafrullah Khan ^ra

Marry not idolatrous women till after they have believed; surely a believing bondwoman would make a better wife than an idolatress, however pleasing she may appear to you. Nor give believing women in marriage to idolaters till after they have believed; surely a believing bondman would make a better husband than an idolater, however pleasing he may appear to you. These invite to the Fire and Allah invites to Paradise and forgiveness by His command. He makes His Signs clear to the people that they may take heed.

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