Topic: On Prophets
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قِيلَ يَٰنُوحُ ٱهْبِطْ بِسَلَٰمٍ مِّنَّا وَبَرَكَٰتٍ عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَىٰٓ أُمَمٍ مِّمَّن مَّعَكَ ۚ وَأُمَمٌ سَنُمَتِّعُهُمْ ثُمَّ يَمَسُّهُم مِّنَّا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
معلوم ہوا ہے کہ نوحؑ کی نبوت کا زمانہ دیر تک چلا گیا تھا۔ اور اس کے زمانہ میں کئی امتیں بنیں اور بگڑیں۔
اس جگہ سفر سے مراد کشتی کا سفر نہیں بلکہ نبوت کے زمانہ کا سفر ہے۔
The verse shows that apart from the progeny of Noah the progeny of those believers who were with him in the Ark also were saved from the Deluge and that they prospered and multiplied. Scholars now subscribe to the view that most of the inhabitants of the earth are descended from Noah.
The story of the Deluge with some variations is to be found in the traditions and literature of different countries (Enc. Rel. & Eth.; Enc. Bib. & Enc. Brit. under "Deluge"). The catastrophe seems to have taken place somewhere near the dawn of human civilization. It is a well-known historical fact that whenever a people, comparatively more advanced in culture and civilization, have come to settle in a country, they have either blotted out of existence the less civilized inhabitants of the land or have greatly weakened them. Thus it appears that when the descendants of Noah and those of his companions who were the founders of human civilization spread to other lands, because they were more powerful than the peopl
Commentary:
This verse shows that not only was the progeny of Noah saved from the Flood and was blessed by God and multiplied upon the earth, but the progeny of those believers who were with him in the Ark also prospered and multiplied. So the popular notion that only Noah’s progeny survived and multiplied in the earth has no basis in fact. This statement of the Quran establishes its superiority over the Bible. All educated Christians now believe that the inhabitants of the earth are not all descended from Noah; but in holding this view they, in fact, subscribe to the statement of the Quran and reject that of the Bible, for the Bible clearly says that only Noah and his sons survived the Deluge and that it was their progeny that dwelt and multiplied in the earth (Gen. ch. 9). Accordingly, Christian writers divide the human race into three groups, viz. the descendants of Ham, Sam and Yapheth, the three sons of Noah. But according to the Quran the children of those who believed in Noah also survived and multiplied in the earth, to say nothing of other races.
The clause, there will be other peoples whom We shall grant provision, may mean: (1) that even in the time of Noah there were other peoples who did not perish but who were given respite and then perished in due time; (2) that some of those who were saved with Noah and who received blessings became corrupt in due course and were then punished by God.
1
معلوم ہوا ہے کہ نوحؑ کی نبوت کا زمانہ دیر تک چلا گیا تھا۔ اور اس کے زمانہ میں کئی امتیں بنیں اور بگڑیں۔
2
اس جگہ سفر سے مراد کشتی کا سفر نہیں بلکہ نبوت کے زمانہ کا سفر ہے۔
1429
Commentary:
This verse shows that not only was the progeny of Noah saved from the Flood and was blessed by God and multiplied upon the earth, but the progeny of those believers who were with him in the Ark also prospered and multiplied. So the popular notion that only Noah’s progeny survived and multiplied in the earth has no basis in fact. This statement of the Quran establishes its superiority over the Bible. All educated Christians now believe that the inhabitants of the earth are not all descended from Noah; but in holding this view they, in fact, subscribe to the statement of the Quran and reject that of the Bible, for the Bible clearly says that only Noah and his sons survived the Deluge and that it was their progeny that dwelt and multiplied in the earth (Gen. ch. 9). Accordingly, Christian writers divide the human race into three groups, viz. the descendants of Ham, Sam and Yapheth, the three sons of Noah. But according to the Quran the children of those who believed in Noah also survived and multiplied in the earth, to say nothing of other races.
The clause, there will be other peoples whom We shall grant provision, may mean: (1) that even in the time of Noah there were other peoples who did not perish but who were given respite and then perished in due time; (2) that some of those who were saved with Noah and who received blessings became corrupt in due course and were then punished by God.
1321
The verse shows that apart from the progeny of Noah the progeny of those believers who were with him in the Ark also were saved from the Deluge and that they prospered and multiplied. Scholars now subscribe to the view that most of the inhabitants of the earth are descended from Noah.
The story of the Deluge with some variations is to be found in the traditions and literature of different countries (Enc. Rel. & Eth.; Enc. Bib. & Enc. Brit. under "Deluge"). The catastrophe seems to have taken place somewhere near the dawn of human civilization. It is a well-known historical fact that whenever a people, comparatively more advanced in culture and civilization, have come to settle in a country, they have either blotted out of existence the less civilized inhabitants of the land or have greatly weakened them. Thus it appears that when the descendants of Noah and those of his companions who were the founders of human civilization spread to other lands, because they were more powerful than the peopl
وَجَعَلَنِى مُبَارَكًا أَيْنَ مَا كُنتُ وَأَوْصَٰنِى بِٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَٱلزَّكَوٰةِ مَا دُمْتُ حَيًّا
Commentary:
This verse implied a mighty prophecy. The prophecy was that Jesus’ people would put him on the cross and would compel him to flee his country and seek refuge in a foreign land. But the grace and blessings of God would attend him wherever he would go. After the crucifixion Jesus’ mission appeared to have been a complete failure but he travelled to the east—to Afghanistan and Kashmir, where his cause progressed and triumphed. See also 4:158 & 23:51.
2176
Commentary:
This verse implied a mighty prophecy. The prophecy was that Jesus’ people would put him on the cross and would compel him to flee his country and seek refuge in a foreign land. But the grace and blessings of God would attend him wherever he would go. After the crucifixion Jesus’ mission appeared to have been a complete failure but he travelled to the east—to Afghanistan and Kashmir, where his cause progressed and triumphed. See also 4:158 & 23:51.
أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ ٱلنَّبِيِّۦنَ مِن ذُرِّيَّةِ ءَادَمَ وَمِمَّنْ حَمَلْنَا مَعَ نُوحٍ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّةِ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ وَإِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ وَمِمَّنْ هَدَيْنَا وَٱجْتَبَيْنَآ ۚ إِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَٰتُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ خَرُّوا۟ سُجَّدًا وَبُكِيًّا ۩
17:108, 110; 32:16.
1:7; 4:70; 5:21; 57:20.
Some Commentators of the Qur’an think that the words, of the posterity of Adam, refer to Idris, and, whom We carried in the Ark with Noah, refer to Abraham, and the words, of the posterity of Abraham, refer to Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob; and the words, of the posterity of, are understood before the word Israel and refer to Moses, Aaron, Zachariah, Yahya and Jesus, all of whom have been mentioned in the preceding verses of the present Surah.
1:7; 4:70; 5:21; 57:20.
17:108,110; 32:16.
Commentary:
This verse explains two things:(1) The Prophets whose names have been mentioned in it were righteous and holy men. But in spite of the very exalted position they held they were ordinary mortals. Jesus, like them, too, was a Prophet of God and like them a mere mortal. There was nothing in him that could entitle him to some special position. (2) These righteous and holy men were Divine Prophets and as such sinless. The Jews in the Old Testament (Gen. 9:21-23; 19:31-38; 20:2; Exod. 32:1-4); and Christians in the New Testament (John 10:8) hurled at these paragons of piety and righteousness very filthy charges, the former in order to screen their own crimes and the latter in order to establish the exclusive sinlessness of Jesus. Special stress has been laid on their holiness in the verse under comment and it is in order to clear them completely of the charges attributed to them and also to demolish the wrong notion of the exclusive sinlessness of Jesus that the words "whom We guided and chose" have been used about them.
Some commentators of the Quran think that the words 'of the posterity of Adam' refer to Idris, and whom we carried in the Ark with Noah to Abraham, and the words, of the posterity of Abraham, refer to Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob, and the words, of the posterity of, understood before the word Israel, to Moses, Aaron, Zachariah, Yahya and Jesus, all of whom have been mentioned in the preceding verses of the present Surah.
a
1:7; 4:70; 5:21; 57:20.
b
17:108, 110; 32:16.
b
1:7; 4:70; 5:21; 57:20.
c
17:108,110; 32:16.
2200
Commentary:
This verse explains two things:(1) The Prophets whose names have been mentioned in it were righteous and holy men. But in spite of the very exalted position they held they were ordinary mortals. Jesus, like them, too, was a Prophet of God and like them a mere mortal. There was nothing in him that could entitle him to some special position. (2) These righteous and holy men were Divine Prophets and as such sinless. The Jews in the Old Testament (Gen. 9:21-23; 19:31-38; 20:2; Exod. 32:1-4); and Christians in the New Testament (John 10:8) hurled at these paragons of piety and righteousness very filthy charges, the former in order to screen their own crimes and the latter in order to establish the exclusive sinlessness of Jesus. Special stress has been laid on their holiness in the verse under comment and it is in order to clear them completely of the charges attributed to them and also to demolish the wrong notion of the exclusive sinlessness of Jesus that the words "whom We guided and chose" have been used about them.
Some commentators of the Quran think that the words 'of the posterity of Adam' refer to Idris, and whom we carried in the Ark with Noah to Abraham, and the words, of the posterity of Abraham, refer to Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob, and the words, of the posterity of, understood before the word Israel, to Moses, Aaron, Zachariah, Yahya and Jesus, all of whom have been mentioned in the preceding verses of the present Surah.
a
17:108, 110; 32:16.
d
1:7; 4:70; 5:21; 57:20.
1784
Some Commentators of the Qur’an think that the words, of the posterity of Adam, refer to Idris, and, whom We carried in the Ark with Noah, refer to Abraham, and the words, of the posterity of Abraham, refer to Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob; and the words, of the posterity of, are understood before the word Israel and refer to Moses, Aaron, Zachariah, Yahya and Jesus, all of whom have been mentioned in the preceding verses of the present Surah.
وَقُل رَّبِّ أَنزِلْنِى مُنزَلًا مُّبَارَكًا وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ ٱلْمُنزِلِينَ
11:42.
قرآن مجید میں مُبَارَکٌ کا لفظ ہے ہم نے اس کا ترجمہ یہ کیا ہے ’’مجھ پر کثرت سے برکتیں نازل ہو رہی ہوں‘‘ کیونکہ مُبَارَکٌ باب مفاعلہ سے ہے۔ جس کی ایک خصوصیت کثرت ہے۔
11:49.
11:49.
Commentary:
For a detailed account of Noah and the Ark and the place where it came to rest, see 11:38-45. Briefly it may be stated here that according to the Bible Noah’s Ark rested on the mountains of Ararat (Gen. 8:4) and according to the Quran it rested upon Al-Judi. It is of interest to note that ارا راط being a combination of ارا which means, "I saw" and راط which means, "he sought refuge in the mountains," signifies a place of safety in the mountains and the word جودی means, "my beneficence, my grace, my mercy." Thus, whereas according to the Bible, the Ark rested in a place of safety, according to the Quran it rested in a place where God’s mercy, grace or beneficence were manifested.
d
11:42.
1
قرآن مجید میں مُبَارَکٌ کا لفظ ہے ہم نے اس کا ترجمہ یہ کیا ہے ’’مجھ پر کثرت سے برکتیں نازل ہو رہی ہوں‘‘ کیونکہ مُبَارَکٌ باب مفاعلہ سے ہے۔ جس کی ایک خصوصیت کثرت ہے۔
b
11:49.
2532
Commentary:
For a detailed account of Noah and the Ark and the place where it came to rest, see 11:38-45. Briefly it may be stated here that according to the Bible Noah’s Ark rested on the mountains of Ararat (Gen. 8:4) and according to the Quran it rested upon Al-Judi. It is of interest to note that ارا راط being a combination of ارا which means, "I saw" and راط which means, "he sought refuge in the mountains," signifies a place of safety in the mountains and the word جودی means, "my beneficence, my grace, my mercy." Thus, whereas according to the Bible, the Ark rested in a place of safety, according to the Quran it rested in a place where God’s mercy, grace or beneficence were manifested.
b
11:49.
تَبَارَكَ ٱلَّذِىٓ إِن شَآءَ جَعَلَ لَكَ خَيْرًا مِّن ذَٰلِكَ جَنَّٰتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ وَيَجْعَل لَّكَ قُصُورًۢا
17:92.
ایسا ہی ہوا۔ قیصر و کسریٰ کے باغات اور محل مسلمانوں کو ملے جو محمد رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے ادنیٰ غلام تھے۔
17:92.
The verse signifies that the disbelievers’ idea of what a Divine Prophet should be like is far removed from reality and betrays their ignorance of the very object and purpose for which Prophets are raised. Prophets are raised, it purports to say, to lead men out of the darkness of doubt and disbelief into the light of certainty and spiritual bliss and not to amass, and roll and revel in, wealth. But although the self-devised criterion of disbelievers, namely, that the Holy Prophet must possess wealth, rank, gardens and palaces, has no weight or substance, yet in order to bring home to them the falsity of their position God will give him and his followers greater wealth and bigger and better gardens and palaces than those of the disbelievers’ demand. And He really gave the Holy Prophet’s followers the palaces and gardens of the Iranian and Byzantine Emperors.
17:92.
Commentary:
The verse continues the theme of its predecessor. The words "exalted is He" signify that the disbelievers’ idea of what a Divine Prophet should be like, is far removed from reality and betrays their ignorance of the very object and purpose for which Prophets are raised. The Prophets are raised to lead men out of the darkness of doubt and disbelief into the light of certainty and spiritual bliss. The disbelievers want to see the Holy Prophet rolling and revelling in wealth. But such an idea is inconsistent with, and casts a reflection on, the Holiness of God.
The verse further signifies that although the self-devised criterion of disbelievers, namely, that to prove the truth of his mission the Holy Prophet must possess wealth, rank, gardens and palaces, has no weight or substance, yet in order to bring home to them the falsity of their position God will give the Holy Prophet and his followers more wealth and bigger and better gardens and palaces than those of the disbelievers’ demand. And was not this demand fully and completely fulfilled? Did not the camel-drivers of Arabia become the owners of the palaces and treasures of the Caesars and the Chosroes and of the fertile plains and gardens of Syria and Iraq? The verse possesses a spiritual significance also. It means to say that worldly gardens wither and dry up for want of water and proper care, and treasures of wealth are used up and come to end, but the treasures of spiritual wealth which will be bestowed upon the Holy Prophet and his followers and the gardens of eternal bliss which will be given into their possession will be everlasting. The Garden of Islam itself will ever remain green. Heavenly Reformers will continue to arise from among Muslims who will make them understand and realise the great object for which man has been created. See next verse.
h
17:92.
2
ایسا ہی ہوا۔ قیصر و کسریٰ کے باغات اور محل مسلمانوں کو ملے جو محمد رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے ادنیٰ غلام تھے۔
b
17:92.
2649
Commentary:
The verse continues the theme of its predecessor. The words "exalted is He" signify that the disbelievers’ idea of what a Divine Prophet should be like, is far removed from reality and betrays their ignorance of the very object and purpose for which Prophets are raised. The Prophets are raised to lead men out of the darkness of doubt and disbelief into the light of certainty and spiritual bliss. The disbelievers want to see the Holy Prophet rolling and revelling in wealth. But such an idea is inconsistent with, and casts a reflection on, the Holiness of God.
The verse further signifies that although the self-devised criterion of disbelievers, namely, that to prove the truth of his mission the Holy Prophet must possess wealth, rank, gardens and palaces, has no weight or substance, yet in order to bring home to them the falsity of their position God will give the Holy Prophet and his followers more wealth and bigger and better gardens and palaces than those of the disbelievers’ demand. And was not this demand fully and completely fulfilled? Did not the camel-drivers of Arabia become the owners of the palaces and treasures of the Caesars and the Chosroes and of the fertile plains and gardens of Syria and Iraq? The verse possesses a spiritual significance also. It means to say that worldly gardens wither and dry up for want of water and proper care, and treasures of wealth are used up and come to end, but the treasures of spiritual wealth which will be bestowed upon the Holy Prophet and his followers and the gardens of eternal bliss which will be given into their possession will be everlasting. The Garden of Islam itself will ever remain green. Heavenly Reformers will continue to arise from among Muslims who will make them understand and realise the great object for which man has been created. See next verse.
f
17:92.
2068
The verse signifies that the disbelievers’ idea of what a Divine Prophet should be like is far removed from reality and betrays their ignorance of the very object and purpose for which Prophets are raised. Prophets are raised, it purports to say, to lead men out of the darkness of doubt and disbelief into the light of certainty and spiritual bliss and not to amass, and roll and revel in, wealth. But although the self-devised criterion of disbelievers, namely, that the Holy Prophet must possess wealth, rank, gardens and palaces, has no weight or substance, yet in order to bring home to them the falsity of their position God will give him and his followers greater wealth and bigger and better gardens and palaces than those of the disbelievers’ demand. And He really gave the Holy Prophet’s followers the palaces and gardens of the Iranian and Byzantine Emperors.
فَلَمَّا جَآءَهَا نُودِىَ أَنۢ بُورِكَ مَن فِى ٱلنَّارِ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهَا وَسُبْحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ
اس آیت سے بھی ثابت ہے کہ یہ بات غلط ہے کہ اس آگ میں خداتعالیٰ کا وجود تھا۔ کیونکہ خداتعالیٰ خود برکت دیتا ہے‘ اس کو کوئی برکت نہیں دیتا۔ یعنی وہ تَـبَارَکَ کہلا سکتا ہے بُوْرِکَ نہیں کہلا سکتا۔ دوسرے یہ کہ مَنْ فِی النَّارِ کے ساتھ وَ منْ حَوْلَھَا بھی کہا گیا ہے یعنی جو اس آگ میں ہے اور جو اس کے گرد کھڑا ہے اس کو بھی برکت دی گئی ہے‘ یعنی موسیٰ بھی مہبط انوار ہے اور آگ کا جلوہ بھی مہبط انوار ہے یعنی دونوں کے ذریعہ سے ہستی باری کو ظاہر کیا جارہا ہے سُبْحَانَ اللّٰہِ کے فقرہ میں بھی اس بات کی تردید کی گئی ہے کہ خدا آگ میں تھا۔ کیونکہ ربّ العالمین کہہ کر
The expression may mean, (a) who is in search of the fire, and who is near it; (b) who is actually in the fire and who is about to enter it, 'fire' symbolising the fire of God’s love or the fire of trials and tribulations. The fire was not God, nor was God in the fire. It was only a Divine manifestation which cast its glow upon all that was near.
Commentary:
The expression من فی النار و من حولھا may have the following two interpretations: (a) who is in search of the fire, and who is near it; (b) who is actually in the fire and who is about to enter it, 'fire' symbolizing the fire of God’s love or the fire of trials and tribulations.
It is wrong to apply, as some commentators of the Quran have done, the expression بورک من فی النار to God. The word بورک(blessed) being in passive voice cannot be used about God, the right word to use about the Almighty is تبارک which means, He is blessed.
3
اس آیت سے بھی ثابت ہے کہ یہ بات غلط ہے کہ اس آگ میں خداتعالیٰ کا وجود تھا۔ کیونکہ خداتعالیٰ خود برکت دیتا ہے‘ اس کو کوئی برکت نہیں دیتا۔ یعنی وہ تَـبَارَکَ کہلا سکتا ہے بُوْرِکَ نہیں کہلا سکتا۔ دوسرے یہ کہ مَنْ فِی النَّارِ کے ساتھ وَ منْ حَوْلَھَا بھی کہا گیا ہے یعنی جو اس آگ میں ہے اور جو اس کے گرد کھڑا ہے اس کو بھی برکت دی گئی ہے‘ یعنی موسیٰ بھی مہبط انوار ہے اور آگ کا جلوہ بھی مہبط انوار ہے یعنی دونوں کے ذریعہ سے ہستی باری کو ظاہر کیا جارہا ہے سُبْحَانَ اللّٰہِ کے فقرہ میں بھی اس بات کی تردید کی گئی ہے کہ خدا آگ میں تھا۔ کیونکہ ربّ العالمین کہہ کر
2818
Commentary:
The expression من فی النار و من حولھا may have the following two interpretations: (a) who is in search of the fire, and who is near it; (b) who is actually in the fire and who is about to enter it, 'fire' symbolizing the fire of God’s love or the fire of trials and tribulations.
It is wrong to apply, as some commentators of the Quran have done, the expression بورک من فی النار to God. The word بورک(blessed) being in passive voice cannot be used about God, the right word to use about the Almighty is تبارک which means, He is blessed.
2148
The expression may mean, (a) who is in search of the fire, and who is near it; (b) who is actually in the fire and who is about to enter it, 'fire' symbolising the fire of God’s love or the fire of trials and tribulations. The fire was not God, nor was God in the fire. It was only a Divine manifestation which cast its glow upon all that was near.
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ وَمَلَٰٓئِكَتَهُۥ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى ٱلنَّبِىِّ ۚ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ صَلُّوا۟ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوا۟ تَسْلِيمًا
یعنی محمد رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم۔
Commentary:
The sending down of blessings by Allah and His angels upon the Holy Prophet signifies that those who seek to retard the progress of his cause by slandering him and bringing false accusations against him live in a fool’s paradise. By their nefarious activities they can do him no harm. His cause will continue to progress and prosper because God and His angels bless it.
2
یعنی محمد رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم۔
3116
Commentary:
The sending down of blessings by Allah and His angels upon the Holy Prophet signifies that those who seek to retard the progress of his cause by slandering him and bringing false accusations against him live in a fool’s paradise. By their nefarious activities they can do him no harm. His cause will continue to progress and prosper because God and His angels bless it.
وَبَٰرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَىٰٓ إِسْحَٰقَ ۚ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّتِهِمَا مُحْسِنٌ وَظَالِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِۦ مُبِينٌ
57:27.
57:27.
The words, 'We bestowed blessings on him,' refer to the blessings that God bestowed upon Abraham’s progeny through Ishmael, as Isaac has been mentioned separately by name.
57:27.
Commentary:
The words "We bestowed blessings on him," refer to the blessings that God bestowed upon Abraham’s progeny through Ishmael as Isaac has been mentioned separately by name.
b
57:27.
b
57:27.
3342
Commentary:
The words "We bestowed blessings on him," refer to the blessings that God bestowed upon Abraham’s progeny through Ishmael as Isaac has been mentioned separately by name.
b
57:27.
2500
The words, 'We bestowed blessings on him,' refer to the blessings that God bestowed upon Abraham’s progeny through Ishmael, as Isaac has been mentioned separately by name.