الفلق
Al-Falaq
The Daybreak • makkah • 5 Verses
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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
1:1.
1:1.
See 1:1.
a
1:1.
a
See 1:1.
a
1:1.
قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ ٱلْفَلَقِ
6:97.
Falaq meaning dawn; Hell; whole creation (Lane), a Muslim is enjoined to pray that (1) when the night of darkness over Islam has passed away and the morning of its bright future dawns, its sun should continue to shine till it reaches the Meridian; (2) that God might protect him from the hidden and manifest evil of all that He has created, including the evil influences of heredity, bad environment, defective education, etc. and (3) that God should save him from the torments of hell in this life and in the Hereafter.
6:96.
Important Words:
الفلق (dawn) is subs. noun from فلق. They say فلق الصبح i.e. He (God) made the dawn to break. ‘Ali, the Holy Prophet’s Fourth Successor used generally to swear by the words والذی فلق الحبة و برأ النسمة i.e. By Him Who clove the grain, making it to germinate and Who created man or the soul. فلق among other things means, the daybreak or dawn; the whole creation; Hell; the plain appearance of the truth after it had been dubious; a low or depressed place of the earth between two hills; an elevated ground (Lane & Aqrab).
Commentary:
A believer is enjoined to invoke the protection of God, the Lord of فلق. In view of different meanings of the word, he is told to pray:
(1) That when the night of darkness over Islam has passed away and the morning of its bright future dawns, its sun should continue to shine till it reaches the Meridian.
(2) That God might protect him from the hidden and manifest evil of all that He has created, including the evils of heredity, bad environment, defective education or other corrupting influences.
(3) That God should save him from the torments of Hell in this life and in the Hereafter.
(4) That God should enable him to avoid extremes and to adopt the middle course in all things which is the safest course, since the idea implied in ربوبیة is development by degrees and in stages. See also v. 6 below.
b
6:97.
1824
فَلَق (Falaq) 的意思是: 黎明、火狱、天地万物 (Lane)。因此一个穆斯林应该礼拜: (1) 当笼罩伊斯兰教的黑夜过去而光明未来的黎明来临时; 太阳会继续照耀到正午: (2) 安拉可以庇佑他免遭他所创造的一切邪恶, 不论是显是隐的, 其中包括遗传、恶劣环境、偏差教育等所产生的邪恶影响; (3) 安拉拯救他免于遭受今生和后世的火狱的种种痛苦。
b
6:96.
4871
Important Words:
الفلق (dawn) is subs. noun from فلق. They say فلق الصبح i.e. He (God) made the dawn to break. ‘Ali, the Holy Prophet’s Fourth Successor used generally to swear by the words والذی فلق الحبة و برأ النسمة i.e. By Him Who clove the grain, making it to germinate and Who created man or the soul. فلق among other things means, the daybreak or dawn; the whole creation; Hell; the plain appearance of the truth after it had been dubious; a low or depressed place of the earth between two hills; an elevated ground (Lane & Aqrab).
Commentary:
A believer is enjoined to invoke the protection of God, the Lord of فلق. In view of different meanings of the word, he is told to pray:
(1) That when the night of darkness over Islam has passed away and the morning of its bright future dawns, its sun should continue to shine till it reaches the Meridian.
(2) That God might protect him from the hidden and manifest evil of all that He has created, including the evils of heredity, bad environment, defective education or other corrupting influences.
(3) That God should save him from the torments of Hell in this life and in the Hereafter.
(4) That God should enable him to avoid extremes and to adopt the middle course in all things which is the safest course, since the idea implied in ربوبیة is development by degrees and in stages. See also v. 6 below.
b
6:97.
3470
Falaq meaning dawn; Hell; whole creation (Lane), a Muslim is enjoined to pray that (1) when the night of darkness over Islam has passed away and the morning of its bright future dawns, its sun should continue to shine till it reaches the Meridian; (2) that God might protect him from the hidden and manifest evil of all that He has created, including the evil influences of heredity, bad environment, defective education, etc. and (3) that God should save him from the torments of hell in this life and in the Hereafter.
مِن شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ
وَمِن شَرِّ غَاسِقٍ إِذَا وَقَبَ
这节经文可以指真理之光被时代罪恶熄灭时, 整个大地上弥漫着罪恶和不义的黑暗; 或者时代罪恶也可以指一个人为折磨和苦难所压倒时的情形, 那时他周围一片黑暗, 最后一丝希望之光在消失了。
غَاسِق کے معنے عربی زبان میں چاند کے بھی ہوتے ہیں اور غَسَقَ کے معنے ہوتے ہیں جب وہ اندھیرا کر دے۔ اور چاند تبھی اندھیرا کرتا ہے جب اس کو گرہن لگے۔ پس اس آیت میں بتایا گیا ہے کہ اے خدا تو ہم کو اس زمانہ کی خرابیوں سے بچا جس میں چاند کو گرہن لگے گا۔ یہ رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی اس حدیث کی طرف اشارہ ہے جس میں آتا ہے کہ اِنَّ لِمَھْدِیِّنَا اٰ یَـَتیْنِ ۔۔۔ یعنی ہمارے مہدی کے لئے دو نشان ضرور مقرر ہیں کہ اس کے زمانہ میں سورج اور چاند کو گرہن لگے گا (دار قطنی)پس اس آیت میں مہدی کے زمانہ کی طرف اشارہ کیا گیا ہے اور مسلمانوں کو دعا سکھائی گئی ہے کہ ہمیں اس با
یعنی ایسا کر کہ جو لوگ ہمیں مہدی سے دور رکھیں ہم ان کے فریب میں نہ آئیں۔
The verse may refer to the evils of the time when the light of Truth becomes extinguished and the darkness of sin and iniquity spreads over the entire face of the earth. Or, it may refer to the evils of the time when one is overwhelmed by distress and privation, and it is darkness all around him and the last ray of hope disappears.
Commentary:
غاسق (darkness) is derived from غسق which means, it became dark or intensely dark. غسقت العین means, the eyes flowed with water. غسق اللبن means, the milk poured fourth from the udder. الغاسق means, the night; darkness; the Pleiades when it sets; the moon when it is eclipsed; the sun when it sets; the day when it enters upon the night, etc. (Lane & Aqrab).
وقب (overspreads). They say وقب الظلام i.e. the darkness overspread. وقبت الشمس means, the sun set. وقب الرجل means, the eyes of the man sank. وقب القمر means, the moon became eclipsed (Aqrab).
Commentary:
The verse may refer to the evils of the time when the light of truth becomes extinguished and the darkness of sin and iniquity spreads over the entire face of the earth. Or it may refer to the evils of the time when one is overwhelmed by distress and privation, when it is darkness all around him, and the last ray of hope disappears. See also last verse of the Surah.
1825
这节经文可以指真理之光被时代罪恶熄灭时, 整个大地上弥漫着罪恶和不义的黑暗; 或者时代罪恶也可以指一个人为折磨和苦难所压倒时的情形, 那时他周围一片黑暗, 最后一丝希望之光在消失了。
1
غَاسِق کے معنے عربی زبان میں چاند کے بھی ہوتے ہیں اور غَسَقَ کے معنے ہوتے ہیں جب وہ اندھیرا کر دے۔ اور چاند تبھی اندھیرا کرتا ہے جب اس کو گرہن لگے۔ پس اس آیت میں بتایا گیا ہے کہ اے خدا تو ہم کو اس زمانہ کی خرابیوں سے بچا جس میں چاند کو گرہن لگے گا۔ یہ رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی اس حدیث کی طرف اشارہ ہے جس میں آتا ہے کہ اِنَّ لِمَھْدِیِّنَا اٰ یَـَتیْنِ ۔۔۔ یعنی ہمارے مہدی کے لئے دو نشان ضرور مقرر ہیں کہ اس کے زمانہ میں سورج اور چاند کو گرہن لگے گا (دار قطنی)پس اس آیت میں مہدی کے زمانہ کی طرف اشارہ کیا گیا ہے اور مسلمانوں کو دعا سکھائی گئی ہے کہ ہمیں اس با
2
یعنی ایسا کر کہ جو لوگ ہمیں مہدی سے دور رکھیں ہم ان کے فریب میں نہ آئیں۔
4872
Commentary:
غاسق (darkness) is derived from غسق which means, it became dark or intensely dark. غسقت العین means, the eyes flowed with water. غسق اللبن means, the milk poured fourth from the udder. الغاسق means, the night; darkness; the Pleiades when it sets; the moon when it is eclipsed; the sun when it sets; the day when it enters upon the night, etc. (Lane & Aqrab).
وقب (overspreads). They say وقب الظلام i.e. the darkness overspread. وقبت الشمس means, the sun set. وقب الرجل means, the eyes of the man sank. وقب القمر means, the moon became eclipsed (Aqrab).
Commentary:
The verse may refer to the evils of the time when the light of truth becomes extinguished and the darkness of sin and iniquity spreads over the entire face of the earth. Or it may refer to the evils of the time when one is overwhelmed by distress and privation, when it is darkness all around him, and the last ray of hope disappears. See also last verse of the Surah.
3471
The verse may refer to the evils of the time when the light of Truth becomes extinguished and the darkness of sin and iniquity spreads over the entire face of the earth. Or, it may refer to the evils of the time when one is overwhelmed by distress and privation, and it is darkness all around him and the last ray of hope disappears.
وَمِن شَرِّ ٱلنَّفَّٰثَٰتِ فِى ٱلْعُقَدِ
这节经文似乎是指那些暗中出坏主意的人, 这些人在宗教上拉帮结派, 煽惑对权威的对抗精神或以违背效忠誓言来制服和唆使人们, 从而在穆斯林社会中制造不睦和纷争, 并从中怂恿分裂倾向。这一节经文述及的是人生的物质方面, 而下一章涉及的是精神方面。人生面临各种各样的危险和困难。当他从事意义重大的事业, 特别是进行传布真理之光的时候, 四周包围着黑暗势力; 当他看来成功的时候, 心怀恶计的人挡住他的道路, 给他制造种种障碍和困难。但是当他最后要成功的时候, 生性嫉妒的人力图剥夺他的劳动果实。信者为了防止这一切障碍和困难以及生命危险, 应该祈求森罗万象的养主的佑助, 在四周一片黑暗之中赐给他光明, 保护他免遭挑拨离间者的作恶和嫉妒者的恶毒计谋。
The reference in the verse seems to be to those whisperers of evil suggestions who cause solemn contracts and friendships to break down and inspire people with a spirit of defiance of the established authority, or with violating the oath of fealty, and thus seek to create discord and dissension among the Muslim Community and encourage fissiparous tendencies among them. This Surah deals with the material side of man’s life as the next does with its spiritual side. Man is confronted with various kinds of dangers and difficulties in life. When he is engaged in an undertaking of a serious import, particularly when he takes it upon himself to spread the light of Truth, forces 1of darkness surround him on all sides; and when he appears to succeed, men of evil designs bar his way and create all sorts of impediments and difficulties for him. But when at last success dawns on him, persons of jealous nature seek to deprive him of the fruits of his labour. As protection against all these obstacles, difficult
Important Words:
النفاثات (who blow) is derived from نفث which means, he spat. نفثت الحیة الدم means, the serpent emitted poison. نفث الله الشیء فی القلب means, God inspired him with a thing. نفاثات means; those groups that spit or emit much poison; those who whisper evil suggestions (Aqrab).
Commentary:
The reference in the verse is to those whisperers of evil suggestions who cause solemn contracts and friendships to break down, and who inspire people with a spirit of defiance of established authority or with violating the oath of fealty, and thus seek to create discord and dissension in the Muslim Community and to encourage fissiparous tendencies among them. For a detailed note on the whole Surah see next verse.
1826
这节经文似乎是指那些暗中出坏主意的人, 这些人在宗教上拉帮结派, 煽惑对权威的对抗精神或以违背效忠誓言来制服和唆使人们, 从而在穆斯林社会中制造不睦和纷争, 并从中怂恿分裂倾向。这一节经文述及的是人生的物质方面, 而下一章涉及的是精神方面。人生面临各种各样的危险和困难。当他从事意义重大的事业, 特别是进行传布真理之光的时候, 四周包围着黑暗势力; 当他看来成功的时候, 心怀恶计的人挡住他的道路, 给他制造种种障碍和困难。但是当他最后要成功的时候, 生性嫉妒的人力图剥夺他的劳动果实。信者为了防止这一切障碍和困难以及生命危险, 应该祈求森罗万象的养主的佑助, 在四周一片黑暗之中赐给他光明, 保护他免遭挑拨离间者的作恶和嫉妒者的恶毒计谋。
4873
Important Words:
النفاثات (who blow) is derived from نفث which means, he spat. نفثت الحیة الدم means, the serpent emitted poison. نفث الله الشیء فی القلب means, God inspired him with a thing. نفاثات means; those groups that spit or emit much poison; those who whisper evil suggestions (Aqrab).
Commentary:
The reference in the verse is to those whisperers of evil suggestions who cause solemn contracts and friendships to break down, and who inspire people with a spirit of defiance of established authority or with violating the oath of fealty, and thus seek to create discord and dissension in the Muslim Community and to encourage fissiparous tendencies among them. For a detailed note on the whole Surah see next verse.
3472
The reference in the verse seems to be to those whisperers of evil suggestions who cause solemn contracts and friendships to break down and inspire people with a spirit of defiance of the established authority, or with violating the oath of fealty, and thus seek to create discord and dissension among the Muslim Community and encourage fissiparous tendencies among them. This Surah deals with the material side of man’s life as the next does with its spiritual side. Man is confronted with various kinds of dangers and difficulties in life. When he is engaged in an undertaking of a serious import, particularly when he takes it upon himself to spread the light of Truth, forces 1of darkness surround him on all sides; and when he appears to succeed, men of evil designs bar his way and create all sorts of impediments and difficulties for him. But when at last success dawns on him, persons of jealous nature seek to deprive him of the fruits of his labour. As protection against all these obstacles, difficult
وَمِن شَرِّ حَاسِدٍ إِذَا حَسَدَ
اس میں یہ اشارہ ہے کہ مہدیٔ معہود کے ذریعہ سے اسلام کو جلد جلد ترقی حاصل ہوگی اور مخالفینِ مہدی اس پر بڑا حسد کریں گے۔ پس اس زمانہ کے مسلمان کو دعا سکھائی گئی ہے کہ ہر ایسے حاسد کی شرارت سے مجھے بچائیو۔
Commentary:
The Surah deals with the material side of man’s life as does the next Surah with its spiritual side. Man is confronted with various kinds of dangers and difficulties in life. When he is engaged in an undertaking of a serious import, particularly when he takes upon himself to spread the light of truth, forces of darkness surround him on all sides; and when he proceeds further men of evil designs bar his way and create all sorts of impediments and difficulties. When at last success dawns on him, persons of a jealous nature seek to deprive him of the fruit of his labour. As protection against all these difficulties, obstacles and perils in life, a believer is enjoined to invoke the help and assistance of the Lord of فلق (dawn) to give him light when there is darkness all around; to protect him from the evil designs of mischief-makers and the nefarious machinations of jealous persons. What a complete and comprehensive prayer!
The last two Surahs of the Quran may also specially refer to the time of the Promised Messiah and Mahdi. Verse 4 of the present Surah may refer to the eclipses of the sun and the moon which, according to a well-known saying of the Holy Prophet were to take place in the time of the Mahdi (Qutni), and the last two verses may refer to his enemies who will create all sorts of difficulties for him and will burn with rage as they will see his mission making rapid progress.
حاسد (the envious one) may also refer to the Dajjal, the Arch Envier who will give the Promised Mahdi an obstinate fight.
3
اس میں یہ اشارہ ہے کہ مہدیٔ معہود کے ذریعہ سے اسلام کو جلد جلد ترقی حاصل ہوگی اور مخالفینِ مہدی اس پر بڑا حسد کریں گے۔ پس اس زمانہ کے مسلمان کو دعا سکھائی گئی ہے کہ ہر ایسے حاسد کی شرارت سے مجھے بچائیو۔
4874
Commentary:
The Surah deals with the material side of man’s life as does the next Surah with its spiritual side. Man is confronted with various kinds of dangers and difficulties in life. When he is engaged in an undertaking of a serious import, particularly when he takes upon himself to spread the light of truth, forces of darkness surround him on all sides; and when he proceeds further men of evil designs bar his way and create all sorts of impediments and difficulties. When at last success dawns on him, persons of a jealous nature seek to deprive him of the fruit of his labour. As protection against all these difficulties, obstacles and perils in life, a believer is enjoined to invoke the help and assistance of the Lord of فلق (dawn) to give him light when there is darkness all around; to protect him from the evil designs of mischief-makers and the nefarious machinations of jealous persons. What a complete and comprehensive prayer!
The last two Surahs of the Quran may also specially refer to the time of the Promised Messiah and Mahdi. Verse 4 of the present Surah may refer to the eclipses of the sun and the moon which, according to a well-known saying of the Holy Prophet were to take place in the time of the Mahdi (Qutni), and the last two verses may refer to his enemies who will create all sorts of difficulties for him and will burn with rage as they will see his mission making rapid progress.
حاسد (the envious one) may also refer to the Dajjal, the Arch Envier who will give the Promised Mahdi an obstinate fight.