الجاثية
Al-Jathiyah
The Crouching • makkah • 37 Verses
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بِسۡمِ اللّٰہِ الرَّحۡمٰنِ الرَّحِیۡمِ
1:1.
1:1.
a
1:1.
a
See1:1.
3731
Commentary:
See 1:1.
a
1:1.
حٰمٓ
b
41:2.
1244
见注释1151。
b
41:2.
3732
Commentary:
See 40:2.
b
41:2.
2705A
See {2592}.
تَنۡزِیۡلُ الۡکِتٰبِ مِنَ اللّٰہِ الۡعَزِیۡزِ الۡحَکِیۡمِ
32:3; 36:6; 40:3; 41:3.
32:3; 36:6; 40:3; 41:3.
c
32:3; 36:6; 40:3; 41:3.
c
32:3; 36:6; 40:3; 41:3.
3733
Commentary:
See 42:4.
c
32:3; 36:6; 40:3; 41:3.
اِنَّ فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالۡاَرۡضِ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنِیۡنَ
2:165; 42:30.
2:165; 42:30.
2:165; 42:30.
Commentary:
Like the preceding five chapters which have the abbreviated letters Ha Mim placed in their beginning, the present Surahopens with the subject of Quranic revelation and with its principal theme—the Unity of God. In this and the next two verses the creation of heavens and the earth, the beautiful and perfect design and order that exist in the universe, the creation of man and all the creatures that have been created on earth for his use and service, and that of the whole solar system, have been adduced as arguments to prove that there must be, and actually is, an All-Powerful and All-Knowing Being Who has created this universe and Who is controlling it. And then in the words, and the provision that Allah sends down from the heaven, whereby He quickens the earth after its death, the Surah proceeds to dwell upon the need and necessity of Divine revelation. The verse purports to say that when God has made such ample and complete provision for the physical needs and requirements of man as to have created heavens and earth and the whole universe for his benefit. He could not have neglected to make similar provision for his spiritual needs, and just as rain is sent down from the clouds to give new life to dead earth; similarly, Divine revelation is sent down from heaven for the spiritual regeneration and resuscitation of mankind.
d
2:165; 42:30.
d
2:165; 42:30.
3734
Commentary:
Like the preceding five chapters which have the abbreviated letters Ha Mim placed in their beginning, the present Surahopens with the subject of Quranic revelation and with its principal theme—the Unity of God. In this and the next two verses the creation of heavens and the earth, the beautiful and perfect design and order that exist in the universe, the creation of man and all the creatures that have been created on earth for his use and service, and that of the whole solar system, have been adduced as arguments to prove that there must be, and actually is, an All-Powerful and All-Knowing Being Who has created this universe and Who is controlling it. And then in the words, and the provision that Allah sends down from the heaven, whereby He quickens the earth after its death, the Surah proceeds to dwell upon the need and necessity of Divine revelation. The verse purports to say that when God has made such ample and complete provision for the physical needs and requirements of man as to have created heavens and earth and the whole universe for his benefit. He could not have neglected to make similar provision for his spiritual needs, and just as rain is sent down from the clouds to give new life to dead earth; similarly, Divine revelation is sent down from heaven for the spiritual regeneration and resuscitation of mankind.
d
2:165; 42:30.
وَفِیۡ خَلۡقِکُمۡ وَمَا یَبُثُّ مِنۡ دَآبَّۃٍ اٰیٰتٌ لِّقَوۡمٍ یُّوۡقِنُوۡنَ
Commentary:
See preceding verse.
3734A
Commentary:
See preceding verse.
وَاخۡتِلٰفِ الَّیۡلِ وَالنَّہَارِ وَمَاۤ اَنۡزَلَ اللّٰہُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مِنۡ رِّزۡقٍ فَاَحۡیَا بِہِ الۡاَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِہَا وَتَصۡرِیۡفِ الرِّیٰحِ اٰیٰتٌ لِّقَوۡمٍ یَّعۡقِلُوۡنَ
16:66; 30:51.
Just as light follows darkness, similarly when spiritual darkness spreads over the entire earth, God creates a new light in the form of a Prophet or Divine Reformer to whom He reveals Himself. And just as winds carry pollen from male to female trees in order to fecundate them, in the same way the spiritually elevating ideas that emanate from a Divine Reformer impregnate the minds of believers and bring about spiritual revolution in them.
2:165; 3:191; 10:7.
16:66; 22:6; 30:51; 35:28; 39:22.
Commentary:
This verse further says that as light follows darkness, similarly when spiritual darkness spreads over the entire earth, God creates new light in the form of a Prophet or Divine Reformer to whom He reveals Himself. And just as winds carry pollen from male to female trees in order to fecundate them, in the same way the spiritually elevating ideas that emanate from a Divine Reformer impregnate the minds of men and bring about spiritual revolution in them.
e
2:165; 3:191; 10:7.
f
16:66; 30:51.
a
2:165; 3:191; 10:7.
b
16:66; 22:6; 30:51; 35:28; 39:22.
3735
Commentary:
This verse further says that as light follows darkness, similarly when spiritual darkness spreads over the entire earth, God creates new light in the form of a Prophet or Divine Reformer to whom He reveals Himself. And just as winds carry pollen from male to female trees in order to fecundate them, in the same way the spiritually elevating ideas that emanate from a Divine Reformer impregnate the minds of men and bring about spiritual revolution in them.
e
2:165; 3:191; 10:7.f
16:66; 30:51.
2706
Just as light follows darkness, similarly when spiritual darkness spreads over the entire earth, God creates a new light in the form of a Prophet or Divine Reformer to whom He reveals Himself. And just as winds carry pollen from male to female trees in order to fecundate them, in the same way the spiritually elevating ideas that emanate from a Divine Reformer impregnate the minds of believers and bring about spiritual revolution in them.
تِلۡکَ اٰیٰتُ اللّٰہِ نَتۡلُوۡہَا عَلَیۡکَ بِالۡحَقِّ ۖ فَبِاَیِّ حَدِیۡثٍۭ بَعۡدَ اللّٰہِ وَاٰیٰتِہٖ یُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ
Ba‘d means, after; in spite of; contrary to or against; in addition to (Lane).
Important Words:
بعد (after) has a variety of meanings, some of which are: after or afterwards; behind; before; yet; now; in spite of; contrary to or against; in addition to, or furthermore (Lane & Aqrab).
حدیث (word) means, a piece of information; an announcement; an important news; an account; a narration; a tradition; a thing or matter that is talked of; any discourse that one hears (Lane & Aqrab). See also 4:43.
Commentary:
In view of different meanings of the words بعد and حدیث given above under Important Words, the expression فبأی حدیث بعدہ یؤمنون would mean:
(i) In what word or discourse, after rejecting the Word of Allah and after rejecting His signs, will they believe?
(ii) In what word, contrary to the Word of Allah and His signs, will they believe?
(iii) In what word, after the Word of Allah and His signs have come, will they believe?
(iv) In spite of the fact that the Word of God and His signs have come to them, they do not believe in them. Then in what else would they believe?
3736
Important Words:
بعد (after) has a variety of meanings, some of which are: after or afterwards; behind; before; yet; now; in spite of; contrary to or against; in addition to, or furthermore (Lane & Aqrab).
حدیث (word) means, a piece of information; an announcement; an important news; an account; a narration; a tradition; a thing or matter that is talked of; any discourse that one hears (Lane & Aqrab). See also 4:43.
Commentary:
In view of different meanings of the words بعد and حدیث given above under Important Words, the expression فبأی حدیث بعدہ یؤمنون would mean:
(i) In what word or discourse, after rejecting the Word of Allah and after rejecting His signs, will they believe?
(ii) In what word, contrary to the Word of Allah and His signs, will they believe?
(iii) In what word, after the Word of Allah and His signs have come, will they believe?
(iv) In spite of the fact that the Word of God and His signs have come to them, they do not believe in them. Then in what else would they believe?
2707
Ba‘d means, after; in spite of; contrary to or against; in addition to (Lane).
وَیۡلٌ لِّکُلِّ اَفَّاکٍ اَثِیۡمٍ
Commentary:
Evidently a man who rejects clear signs of God is a forger and teller of lies and a committer of abominations and, therefore, legitimately deserves a painful punishment.
3737
Commentary:
Evidently a man who rejects clear signs of God is a forger and teller of lies and a committer of abominations and, therefore, legitimately deserves a painful punishment.
یَسۡمَعُ اٰیٰتِ اللّٰہِ تُتۡلٰی عَلَیۡہِ ثُمَّ یُصِرُّ مُسۡتَکۡبِرًا کَاَنۡ لَّمۡ یَسۡمَعۡہَا ۖ فَبَشِّرۡہُ بِعَذَابٍ اَلِیۡمٍ
وَاِذَا عَلِمَ مِنۡ اٰیٰتِنَا شَیۡـَٔۨا اتَّخَذَہَا ہُزُوًا ۚ اُولٰٓئِکَ لَہُمۡ عَذَابٌ مُّہِیۡنٌ
31:7.
31:7.
2:232; 31:7.
a
31:7.
a
2:232; 31:7.
a
31:7.
مِّنۡ وَّرَآئِہِمۡ جَہَنَّمُ ۖ وَلَا یُغۡنِیۡ عَنۡہُمۡ مَّا کَسَبُوۡا شَیۡـًٔا وَّلَا مَا اتَّخَذُوۡا مِنۡ دُوۡنِ اللّٰہِ اَوۡلِیَآءَ ۖ وَلَہُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِیۡمٌ
14:17, 18.
14:17, 18.
14:17-18.
Commentary:
The verse means to say that the Unity of God, for the establishment of which Divine Scriptures have been revealed and Prophets raised, is the quintessence of Divine guidance and those who reject and deny it are bound to meet with a sad fate.
b
14:17, 18.
b
14:17-18.
3738
Commentary:
The verse means to say that the Unity of God, for the establishment of which Divine Scriptures have been revealed and Prophets raised, is the quintessence of Divine guidance and those who reject and deny it are bound to meet with a sad fate.
b
14:17, 18.
ہٰذَا ہُدًی ۖ وَّالَّذِیۡنَ کَفَرُوۡا بِاٰیٰتِ رَبِّہِمۡ لَہُمۡ عَذَابٌ مِّنۡ رِّجۡزٍ اَلِیۡمٌ
2:40; 22:58.
2:40; 22:58.
2:40; 22:58.
c
2:40; 22:58.
c
2:40; 22:58.
c
2:40; 22:58.
۞ اَللّٰہُ الَّذِیۡ سَخَّرَ لَکُمُ الۡبَحۡرَ لِتَجۡرِیَ الۡفُلۡکُ فِیۡہِ بِاَمۡرِہٖ وَلِتَبۡتَغُوۡا مِنۡ فَضۡلِہٖ وَلَعَلَّکُمۡ تَشۡکُرُوۡنَ
16:15; 17:67; 35:13.
16:15; 17:67; 35:13.
16:15; 17:67; 30:47; 31:32; 35:13.
d
16:15; 17:67; 35:13.
a
16:15; 17:67; 30:47; 31:32; 35:13.
d
16:15; 17:67; 35:13.
وَسَخَّرَ لَکُمۡ مَّا فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَمَا فِی الۡاَرۡضِ جَمِیۡعًا مِّنۡہُ ۚ اِنَّ فِیۡ ذٰلِکَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوۡمٍ یَّتَفَکَّرُوۡنَ
22:66.
Commentary:
In vv. 4, 5 and 6 one kind of argument, viz. the creation of man and all life on earth, and the alternation of day and night, had been given to prove the existence, the Almightiness and the Unity of God. The present verse gives another kind of argument to prove the same thesis, viz. that the whole universe has been created to serve man. See also 2:165.
e
22:66.
1245
整个宇宙的创造是为了服务于人类。这说明人有一大使命要完成。
b
22:66.
3739
Commentary:
In vv. 4, 5 and 6 one kind of argument, viz. the creation of man and all life on earth, and the alternation of day and night, had been given to prove the existence, the Almightiness and the Unity of God. The present verse gives another kind of argument to prove the same thesis, viz. that the whole universe has been created to serve man. See also 2:165.
a
22:66.
2708
The whole universe has been created to serve man. This shows that he has a great mission to fulfil.
قُل لِّلَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا یَغۡفِرُوۡا لِلَّذِیۡنَ لَا یَرۡجُوۡنَ اَیَّامَ اللّٰہِ لِیَجۡزِیَ قَوۡمًۢا بِمَا کَانُوۡا یَکۡسِبُوۡنَ
See {1454}.
Important Words:
لایرجون (fear not) is formed from رجا. They say رجا الشیء i.e. he hoped to get the thing; he feared the thing. The word رجا is used in the sense of hoping to get a thing when the thing hoped for is good and pleasant and fearing a thing that should be feared (Aqrab & Mufradat). See also 10:8.
ایام الله (days of Allah) means, the favours and punishment of God (Aqrab). See also 14:6.
Commentary:
The Surah under comment was revealed at Mecca in the early period of the Holy Prophet’s ministry when Islam was in a very weak state and Muslims were being persecuted. It was at that time that Muslims were enjoined to forgive those who persecuted them and who did not fear the punishment of God. The verse clearly embodied a great prophecy that the time was fast approaching when the persecutors of the poor and defenceless Muslims would be at the latter’s mercy. So Muslims were told in advance that in such an eventuality they should forgive their persecutors and forget the wrongs done to them, and leave them to God to deal with them as He, in His infallible wisdom, deemed fit.
The words ایام الله signify the days when God helped the Muslims against their enemies and punished the latter.
3740
Important Words:
لایرجون (fear not) is formed from رجا. They say رجا الشیء i.e. he hoped to get the thing; he feared the thing. The word رجا is used in the sense of hoping to get a thing when the thing hoped for is good and pleasant and fearing a thing that should be feared (Aqrab & Mufradat). See also 10:8.
ایام الله (days of Allah) means, the favours and punishment of God (Aqrab). See also 14:6.
Commentary:
The Surah under comment was revealed at Mecca in the early period of the Holy Prophet’s ministry when Islam was in a very weak state and Muslims were being persecuted. It was at that time that Muslims were enjoined to forgive those who persecuted them and who did not fear the punishment of God. The verse clearly embodied a great prophecy that the time was fast approaching when the persecutors of the poor and defenceless Muslims would be at the latter’s mercy. So Muslims were told in advance that in such an eventuality they should forgive their persecutors and forget the wrongs done to them, and leave them to God to deal with them as He, in His infallible wisdom, deemed fit.
The words ایام الله signify the days when God helped the Muslims against their enemies and punished the latter.
2709
See {1454}.
مَنۡ عَمِلَ صٰلِحًا فَلِنَفۡسِہٖ ۖ وَمَنۡ اَسَآءَ فَعَلَیۡہَا ۖ ثُمَّ اِلٰی رَبِّکُمۡ تُرۡجَعُوۡنَ
29:7.
یہاں عَلٰی کا صلہ ہے جس کے معنے کسی مخالف چیز کے ہوتے ہیں۔ اس لئے ہم نے اس کا ترجمہ نقصان کیا ہے۔
29:7.
6:161; 29:7.
a
29:7.
1
یہاں عَلٰی کا صلہ ہے جس کے معنے کسی مخالف چیز کے ہوتے ہیں۔ اس لئے ہم نے اس کا ترجمہ نقصان کیا ہے۔
a
6:161; 29:7.
b
29:7.
وَلَقَدۡ اٰتَیۡنَا بَنِیۡۤ اِسۡرٰٓءِیۡلَ الۡکِتٰبَ وَالۡحُکۡمَ وَالنُّبُوَّۃَ وَرَزَقۡنٰہُمۡ مِّنَ الطَّیِّبٰتِ وَفَضَّلۡنٰہُمۡ عَلَی الۡعٰلَمِیۡنَ
6:90.
10:94.
Mention of Prophethood, separate from "the Book" (which means the Law or the Shari‘ah) shows that while Moses was given the Law, the Prophets who came after him brought no new Law but followed the Torah—the Book of Moses (5: 45).
6:90.
10:94.
Commentary:
The mention of prophethood, separate from "the Book" (which means the Law or the Shari‘ah), shows that while Moses was given the Law, the Prophets who came after him brought no new Law but followed the Torah—the Book of Moses. Elsewhere, the Quran says: Surely, We sent down the Torah wherein was guidance and light. By it did the Prophets who were obedient to this judge for the Jews (5:47),
b
6:90.
c
10:94.
1246
这里除了 “经典” (意思是法令或 شَرِيْعَة, Shari‘ah) 外, 还提到先知品位, 说明穆撒得到法令之后, 众先知没有带来新的法令, 而只是遵循 «讨拉德»--------«摩西五经» 罢了(5:45)。
b
6:90.
c
10:94.
3741
Commentary:
The mention of prophethood, separate from "the Book" (which means the Law or the Shari‘ah), shows that while Moses was given the Law, the Prophets who came after him brought no new Law but followed the Torah—the Book of Moses. Elsewhere, the Quran says: Surely, We sent down the Torah wherein was guidance and light. By it did the Prophets who were obedient to this judge for the Jews (5:47),
c
6:90.
d
10:94.
2710
Mention of Prophethood, separate from "the Book" (which means the Law or the Shari‘ah) shows that while Moses was given the Law, the Prophets who came after him brought no new Law but followed the Torah—the Book of Moses (5: 45).
وَاٰتَیۡنٰہُمۡ بَیِّنٰتٍ مِّنَ الۡاَمۡرِ ۖ فَمَا اخۡتَلَفُوۡۤا اِلَّا مِنۡۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جَآءَہُمُ الۡعِلۡمُ بَغۡیًۢا بَیۡنَہُمۡ ۚ اِنَّ رَبَّکَ یَقۡضِیۡ بَیۡنَہُمۡ یَوۡمَ الۡقِیٰمَۃِ فِیۡمَا کَانُوۡا فِیۡہِ یَخۡتَلِفُوۡنَ
42:15; 98:5.
"The Affair" signifies "the Affair of the Holy Prophet" and the verse purports to say that the Book of Moses contains many clear prophecies about the advent of the Holy Prophet and that the Israelites did not reject him because there was any dearth of arguments and Signs and Divine prophecies to support and establish his claim but because of 'mutual envy,' i.e. they did not like the very idea that a Prophet should have appeared from among the non-Israelites.
42:15; 98:5.
Commentary:
"The Affair" signifies "the Affair of the Holy Prophet" (see next verse) and the verse purports to say that the Book of Moses contains many clear prophecies about the advent of the Holy Prophet and that the Israelites rejected him not because there was any dearth of arguments and signs and divine prophecies to support and establish his claim but because of "mutual envy", i.e. they did not like the very idea that a Prophet should have appeared from among the non-Israelites.
d
42:15; 98:5.
1247
“这个事情” 指 “穆圣的事情”, 这节经文的大意是说, «摩西五经» 内有很多明显的关于穆圣降临的预言。以色列人拒绝他, 并不是因为缺乏论据、缺乏安拉的迹象和预言以支持并确立他的宣称, 而是因为 “彼此嫉妒”, 就是说, 他们所厌恶的是先知竟出现在非以色列人中间。
d
42:15; 98:5.
3742
Commentary:
"The Affair" signifies "the Affair of the Holy Prophet" (see next verse) and the verse purports to say that the Book of Moses contains many clear prophecies about the advent of the Holy Prophet and that the Israelites rejected him not because there was any dearth of arguments and signs and divine prophecies to support and establish his claim but because of "mutual envy", i.e. they did not like the very idea that a Prophet should have appeared from among the non-Israelites.
a
42:15; 98:5.
2711
"The Affair" signifies "the Affair of the Holy Prophet" and the verse purports to say that the Book of Moses contains many clear prophecies about the advent of the Holy Prophet and that the Israelites did not reject him because there was any dearth of arguments and Signs and Divine prophecies to support and establish his claim but because of 'mutual envy,' i.e. they did not like the very idea that a Prophet should have appeared from among the non-Israelites.
ثُمَّ جَعَلۡنٰکَ عَلٰی شَرِیۡعَۃٍ مِّنَ الۡاَمۡرِ فَاتَّبِعۡہَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ اَہۡوَآءَ الَّذِیۡنَ لَا یَعۡلَمُوۡنَ
شریعت کے مختلف طریقے ہیں۔ مثلاً توراۃ بدلہ لینے پر زور دیتی ہے اور انجیل معاف کرنے اور نرمی کرنے پر زور دیتی ہے۔ اسلام ان کے درمیان درمیان اصلاح پر زور دیتا ہے اور سختی کے موقعہ پر سختی اور نرمی کے موقعہ پر نرمی کی تعلیم دیتا ہے پس اس کی تعلیم مسیحی اور موسوی تعلیم کے طریقہ سے مختلف ہے۔
5:49; 6:151.
Commentary:
This verse makes it quite clear that "the Affair" or "Matter" referred to in the preceding verse signifies the advent of the Holy Prophet and Quranic revelation.
e
5:49; 6:151.
1248
这节经文说得很清楚, 上一节指出的 “事情” 意味着穆圣和 «古兰经» 启示的降临。
2
شریعت کے مختلف طریقے ہیں۔ مثلاً توراۃ بدلہ لینے پر زور دیتی ہے اور انجیل معاف کرنے اور نرمی کرنے پر زور دیتی ہے۔ اسلام ان کے درمیان درمیان اصلاح پر زور دیتا ہے اور سختی کے موقعہ پر سختی اور نرمی کے موقعہ پر نرمی کی تعلیم دیتا ہے پس اس کی تعلیم مسیحی اور موسوی تعلیم کے طریقہ سے مختلف ہے۔
a
5:49; 6:151.
3743
Commentary:
This verse makes it quite clear that "the Affair" or "Matter" referred to in the preceding verse signifies the advent of the Holy Prophet and Quranic revelation.
b
5:49; 6:151.
2712
It is clear from the verse that "the Affair" referred to in the preceding verse signifies the advent of the Holy Prophet and the Quranic revelation.