Ruku 440 ع
Section 440 of 556 • 6 Verses
۞ وَٱذْكُرْ أَخَا عَادٍ إِذْ أَنذَرَ قَوْمَهُۥ بِٱلْأَحْقَافِ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ ٱلنُّذُرُ مِنۢ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِۦٓ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوٓا۟ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
7:66; 11:51.
اَحْقَاف‘ حِقْفٌ کی جمع ہے جس کے معنے ریت کے اونچے ٹیلے کے ہوتے ہیں۔ یہ نام اس قوم کے انجام کی وجہ سے رکھا گیا ہے۔ ورنہ پہلے تو وہ سر سبز زمین میں رہتے تھے۔ مگر جیسا کہ قرآن کریم میں بیان کیا گیا ہے‘ ان پر ایک سخت آندھی آئی جو سات رات دن تک چلتی رہی اور وہ تباہ ہو گئے (سورۃ الحآقۃ: ۷‘۸) اور اس آندھی کی وجہ سے ان کے ملک میں کثرت سے ریت کے ٹیلے پیدا ہو گئے جن کے نیچے وہ قوم دَب گئی۔
عذاب کی چھوٹی گھڑی بھی لمبی معلوم ہوتی ہے۔ اس لئے قرآن کریم میں عذاب کے دن کو اکثر یوم عظیم کہا جاتا ہے کیونکہ عذاب کا دن ختم ہوتا نظر نہیں آتا۔
7:66; 11:51.
7:66; 11:51.
Commentary:
‘Ad was not the name of one tribe but of a group of tribes. The tribe has been called ‘Adi Iram in the Quran (89:8). They were a highly powerful and cultured people and had specialized in architecture. They ruled over rich and fertile territories in Yemen. As a result of their rejection of the Prophet Hud, and their wicked and immoral deeds, they were destroyed by a violent wind which continued to lash them for seven consecutive days, burying their chief cities under heaps of sand and dust. For detailed notes on ‘Ad see 11:51 and 26:124.
c
7:66; 11:51.
1
اَحْقَاف‘ حِقْفٌ کی جمع ہے جس کے معنے ریت کے اونچے ٹیلے کے ہوتے ہیں۔ یہ نام اس قوم کے انجام کی وجہ سے رکھا گیا ہے۔ ورنہ پہلے تو وہ سر سبز زمین میں رہتے تھے۔ مگر جیسا کہ قرآن کریم میں بیان کیا گیا ہے‘ ان پر ایک سخت آندھی آئی جو سات رات دن تک چلتی رہی اور وہ تباہ ہو گئے (سورۃ الحآقۃ: ۷‘۸) اور اس آندھی کی وجہ سے ان کے ملک میں کثرت سے ریت کے ٹیلے پیدا ہو گئے جن کے نیچے وہ قوم دَب گئی۔
2
عذاب کی چھوٹی گھڑی بھی لمبی معلوم ہوتی ہے۔ اس لئے قرآن کریم میں عذاب کے دن کو اکثر یوم عظیم کہا جاتا ہے کیونکہ عذاب کا دن ختم ہوتا نظر نہیں آتا۔
b
7:66; 11:51.
3775
Commentary:
‘Ad was not the name of one tribe but of a group of tribes. The tribe has been called ‘Adi Iram in the Quran (89:8). They were a highly powerful and cultured people and had specialized in architecture. They ruled over rich and fertile territories in Yemen. As a result of their rejection of the Prophet Hud, and their wicked and immoral deeds, they were destroyed by a violent wind which continued to lash them for seven consecutive days, burying their chief cities under heaps of sand and dust. For detailed notes on ‘Ad see 11:51 and 26:124.
a
7:66; 11:51.
قَالُوٓا۟ أَجِئْتَنَا لِتَأْفِكَنَا عَنْ ءَالِهَتِنَا فَأْتِنَا بِمَا تَعِدُنَآ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ
7:71.
7:71.
7:71.
Important Words:
لتأفکنا (that thou turn us away) is derived from أفک (afaka). أفکه means, he changed his or its condition or manner of being; he turned him or it away or back from a thing by lying; he perverted his judgement; he deceived or beguiled him; he lied or said what was untrue (Lane & Aqrab). Almost all these meanings are applicable here.
d
7:71.
a
7:71.
3776
Important Words:
لتأفکنا (that thou turn us away) is derived from أفک (afaka). أفکه means, he changed his or its condition or manner of being; he turned him or it away or back from a thing by lying; he perverted his judgement; he deceived or beguiled him; he lied or said what was untrue (Lane & Aqrab). Almost all these meanings are applicable here.
b
7:71.
قَالَ إِنَّمَا ٱلْعِلْمُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَأُبَلِّغُكُم مَّآ أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِۦ وَلَٰكِنِّىٓ أَرَىٰكُمْ قَوْمًا تَجْهَلُونَ
As God alone knows the circumstances under which a man does his actions, good or bad, therefore only He knows whether or not he has incurred Divine punishment; and the knowledge of the time, manner and form of the punishment also rests with Him.
11:34.
Commentary:
When tauntingly asked by his people, when and how they would be punished for rejecting him, Hud pleaded ignorance of the time and manner of the Divine punishment. But he warned them at the same time that Divine punishment was sure to overtake them and that if they had some wisdom left with them they should have read the writing on the wall because the rejection of Divine Message never goes unpunished. This is the significance of the words: "but I see you to be a very ignorant people."
b
11:34.
3777
Commentary:
When tauntingly asked by his people, when and how they would be punished for rejecting him, Hud pleaded ignorance of the time and manner of the Divine punishment. But he warned them at the same time that Divine punishment was sure to overtake them and that if they had some wisdom left with them they should have read the writing on the wall because the rejection of Divine Message never goes unpunished. This is the significance of the words: "but I see you to be a very ignorant people."
2729
As God alone knows the circumstances under which a man does his actions, good or bad, therefore only He knows whether or not he has incurred Divine punishment; and the knowledge of the time, manner and form of the punishment also rests with Him.
فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ عَارِضًا مُّسْتَقْبِلَ أَوْدِيَتِهِمْ قَالُوا۟ هَٰذَا عَارِضٌ مُّمْطِرُنَا ۚ بَلْ هُوَ مَا ٱسْتَعْجَلْتُم بِهِۦ ۖ رِيحٌ فِيهَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
41:17.
41:17.
41:17.
Important Words:
عارض (cloud) is the act. part. from عرض They say عرض الشیء i.e. he showed, manifested, presented the thing. عارض means, anything showing its breadth or side, hence appearing; a collection of clouds extending sideways in the horizon or a collection of clouds that come over in the sky unexpectedly or appear like a mountain; a gift appearing from a person (Lane & Aqrab).
Whereas the word ریح (wind) has been used in the Quran both in a good and a bad sense, its plural always is used in a good sense.
a
41:17.
a
41:17.
3778
Important Words:
عارض (cloud) is the act. part. from عرض They say عرض الشیء i.e. he showed, manifested, presented the thing. عارض means, anything showing its breadth or side, hence appearing; a collection of clouds extending sideways in the horizon or a collection of clouds that come over in the sky unexpectedly or appear like a mountain; a gift appearing from a person (Lane & Aqrab).
Whereas the word ریح (wind) has been used in the Quran both in a good and a bad sense, its plural always is used in a good sense.
a
41:17.
تُدَمِّرُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍۭ بِأَمْرِ رَبِّهَا فَأَصْبَحُوا۟ لَا يُرَىٰٓ إِلَّا مَسَٰكِنُهُمْ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلْقَوْمَ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ
7:73.
Commentary:
As mentioned above, the Adites were specially advanced in architecture. They built monuments on high places and erected palatial buildings. They had their summer residences, their factories and mechanical works. But they were so completely destroyed that it seemed that they had never existed and only the ruined remnants of their once lofty and strongly-built dwellings could be seen.
b
7:73.
3779
Commentary:
As mentioned above, the Adites were specially advanced in architecture. They built monuments on high places and erected palatial buildings. They had their summer residences, their factories and mechanical works. But they were so completely destroyed that it seemed that they had never existed and only the ruined remnants of their once lofty and strongly-built dwellings could be seen.
وَلَقَدْ مَكَّنَّٰهُمْ فِيمَآ إِن مَّكَّنَّٰكُمْ فِيهِ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ سَمْعًا وَأَبْصَٰرًا وَأَفْـِٔدَةً فَمَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُمْ سَمْعُهُمْ وَلَآ أَبْصَٰرُهُمْ وَلَآ أَفْـِٔدَتُهُم مِّن شَىْءٍ إِذْ كَانُوا۟ يَجْحَدُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ
6:7.
21:42.
Af’idah (hearts) is the plural of Fu’ad which is synonymous with Qalb, both meaning heart, mind or intellect. In the Qur’an both these words have been used synonymously. In 28:11 they have been used together, signifying the heart. It is the context which determines, where any of these words is used as signifying the heart and where as signifying the mind. Some authors, however, make a distinction between Fu’ad and Qalb; the latter is said to have a more special signification than the former which is said to be the Ghisha’ or the Wi‘a’ of the Qalb, or the middle or the interior thereof. Tara Fu’adu-hu means, his mind, or intellect, or courage fled (Lane).
6:7; 7:11.
11:9; 21:42.
Important Words:
أفئدة (hearts) is the plural of فؤاد which is derived from فاد. They say فادہ, i.e. he or it hit, struck, smote or hurt his فؤاد i.e. heart. فاد اللحم فی النار means, he roasted the flesh meat in the fire. فؤاد is synonymous with قلب both meaning heart, mind or intellect. In the Quran, too, both these words have been used synonymously. In 28:11, both the words have been used together, signifying the heart. It is the context which determines where any of these words is used in the sense of mind or heart. Some authors, however, make a distinction between فؤاد and قلب; the latter is said to have a more special signification than the former which is said to be the غشاء or the وعاء of the قلب or the middle or the interior thereof. They say طار فؤادہ i.e. his mind or intellect or courage tied (Lane & Aqrab).
Commentary:
This verse also shows that the Adites were a very powerful and prosperous people. Their dominions extended over vast areas.
b
6:7.
c
21:42.
c
6:7; 7:11.
d
11:9; 21:42.
3780
Important Words:
أفئدة (hearts) is the plural of فؤاد which is derived from فاد. They say فادہ, i.e. he or it hit, struck, smote or hurt his فؤاد i.e. heart. فاد اللحم فی النار means, he roasted the flesh meat in the fire. فؤاد is synonymous with قلب both meaning heart, mind or intellect. In the Quran, too, both these words have been used synonymously. In 28:11, both the words have been used together, signifying the heart. It is the context which determines where any of these words is used in the sense of mind or heart. Some authors, however, make a distinction between فؤاد and قلب; the latter is said to have a more special signification than the former which is said to be the غشاء or the وعاء of the قلب or the middle or the interior thereof. They say طار فؤادہ i.e. his mind or intellect or courage tied (Lane & Aqrab).
Commentary:
This verse also shows that the Adites were a very powerful and prosperous people. Their dominions extended over vast areas.
b
6:7.
c
21:42.
2730
Af’idah (hearts) is the plural of Fu’ad which is synonymous with Qalb, both meaning heart, mind or intellect. In the Qur’an both these words have been used synonymously. In 28:11 they have been used together, signifying the heart. It is the context which determines, where any of these words is used as signifying the heart and where as signifying the mind. Some authors, however, make a distinction between Fu’ad and Qalb; the latter is said to have a more special signification than the former which is said to be the Ghisha’ or the Wi‘a’ of the Qalb, or the middle or the interior thereof. Tara Fu’adu-hu means, his mind, or intellect, or courage fled (Lane).